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1、省道302線北川曲山至茂縣段災后重建工程（任家坪至禹里段）第七合同段混凝土路面面層工程施工方案邵陽公路橋梁建設有限責任公司省道302線北川曲山至茂縣界段(曲山任家坪至禹里段)災后重建工程施工第七合同段路面面層施工方案一、編制依據1、公路水泥混凝土路面施工技術規范JTGF40-20032、兩階段施工圖設計文件二、工程概況我合同段路面結構采用22cm厚C30水泥混凝土面層+20cm厚5%水泥穩定碎石基層+18cm厚4%水泥穩定碎石底基層?；炷撩鎸硬捎没炷翗颂枮镃30，施工時采用半幅施工。設計路面面層長度共計1059.59米，計7380.42。三、施工方案（一）施工工序測量放樣安裝模板安設傳力桿2、混凝土運輸攤鋪混凝土振搗收面養護切縫填縫刻紋1、測量放樣水泥穩定碎石層全部施工完成后，所有檢測項目全部合格，即可進行路面施工工序。復核路基范圍所有導線點和水準點，并按照100米一個水準點進行加密，在施工過程中便于對模板進行檢測。測量放樣時，在水泥穩定碎石基層表面對路面左、中、右分別進行放點，并計算每個點位的路面面層厚度，如不符合要求，將對水泥穩定碎石基層表面進行處理，必須保證路面面層混凝土厚度。如符合要求，即可進行安裝模板工序。2、安裝模板 模板宜采用鋼模板，彎道等非標準部位以及小型工程也可采用木模板。模板應無損傷，有足夠的強度，內側和頂、底面均應光潔、平整、順直，局部變形不得大于3mm，振搗3、時模板橫向最大撓曲應小于4mm，高度應與混凝土路面板厚度一致，誤差不超過2mm，縱縫模板平縫的拉桿穿孔眼位應準確，企口縫則其企口舌部或凹槽的長度誤差為鋼模板1mm，木模板2mm。 3、安設傳為桿 當側模安裝完畢后，即在需要安裝傳力桿位置上安裝傳為桿。 當混凝土板連續澆筑時，可采用鋼筋支架法安設傳力桿。即在嵌縫板上預留圓孔，以便傳力桿穿過，嵌縫板上面設木制或鐵制壓縫板條，按傳力桿位置和間距，在接縫模板下部做成倒U形槽，使傳力桿由此 通過，傳力桿的兩端固定在支架上，支架腳插入基層內。 當混凝土板不連續澆筑時，可采用頂頭木模固定法安設傳為桿。即在端模板外側增加一塊定位模板，板上按照傳為桿的間距及桿徑4、鉆孔眼，將傳力桿穿過端模板孔眼，并直至外側定位模板孔眼。兩模板之間可用傳力桿一半長度的橫木固定。繼續澆筑鄰板混凝土時，拆除擋板、橫木及定位模板，設置接縫板、木制壓縫板條和傳力桿套管。 4、攤鋪和振搗 超過一次攤鋪的最大厚度時，應分兩次攤鋪和振搗，兩層鋪筑的間隔時間不得超過3Omin，下層厚度約大于上層，且下層厚度為3/5。每次混凝土的攤鋪、振搗、整平、抹面應連續施工，如需中斷，應設施工縫，其位置應在設計規定的接縫位置。振搗時，可用平板式振搗器或插入式振搗器。 5、接縫施工 縱縫應根據設計文件的規定施工，一般縱縫為縱向施工縫。拉桿在立模后澆筑混凝土之前安設，縱向施工縫的拉桿則穿過模板的拉桿孔安5、設，縱縫槽宜在混凝土硬化后用鋸縫機鋸切；也可以在澆筑過程中埋人接縫板，待混凝土初凝后拔出即形成縫槽。 鋸縫時，混凝土應達到510Mpa強度后方可進行，也可由現場試鋸確定。 橫縮縫宜在混凝土硬結后鋸成，在條件不具備的情況下，也可在新澆混凝土中壓縫而成。鋸縫必須及時，在夏季施工時，宜每隔34塊板先鋸一條，然后補齊；也允許每隔34塊板先壓一條縮縫，以防止混凝土板未鋸先裂。 橫脹縫應與路中心線成90，縫壁必須豎直，縫隙寬度一致，縫中不得連漿，縫隙下部設脹縫板，上部灌封縫料。脹縫板應事先預制，常用的有油浸纖維板(或軟木板)、海綿橡膠泡沫板等。預制脹縫板嵌大前，應使縫壁潔凈干燥，脹縫板與經壁緊密結合。 66、表面修整和防滑措施 水泥混凝土路面面層混凝土澆筑后，當混凝土終凝前必須用人工或機械將其表面抹平。當采用人工抹光時，其勞動強度大，還會把水分、水泥和細砂帶到混凝土表面，以致表面比下部混凝土或砂漿有較高的干縮性和較低的強度。當采用機械抹光時，其機械上安裝圓盤，即可進行粗光;安裝細抹葉片，即可進行精光。 為了保證行車安全，混凝土表面應具有粗糙抗滑的表面。而抗滑標準，據國際道路會議路面防滑委員會建議，新鋪混凝土路面當車速為45km/h時，摩擦系數最低值為0.45；車速為50km/h時，摩擦系數最低值為0.40。其施工時，可用棕刷順橫向在抹平后的表面輕輕刷毛，也可用金屬絲梳子梳成深12mm的橫槽；目前7、，常用在已硬結的路面上，用鋸槽機將路面鋸成深56mm、寬23mm、間距2Omm的小橫槽。 7、養護和填縫 混凝土板做面完畢應及時進行養護，使混凝土中拌合料有良好的水化、水解強度發育條件以及防止收縮裂縫的產生。養護時間一般約為142ld。混凝土宜達到設計要求，且在養護期間和封縫前，禁止車輛通行，在達到設計強度的40%后，方可允許行人通行。其養護方法一般有兩種方法: 濕治養生法，這是最為常用的一種養護方法。即是在混凝土抹面2h后，表面有一定強度，用濕麻袋或草墊，或者203Omm厚的濕砂覆蓋于混凝土表面以及混凝土板邊側。覆蓋物還兼有隔溫作用，保證混凝土少受劇烈的天氣變化影響。在規定的養生期間，每天應8、均勻灑水數次，使其保持潮濕狀態。 塑料薄膜養生法，即在混凝土板做面完畢后，均勻噴灑過氯乙烯等成胰液(由過氯乙烯樹脂、溶劑油和苯二甲酸二丁脂，按10%、88%和3%的重量比配制而成)，使形成不透氣的薄膜保持膜內混凝土的水分，保濕養生。但注意過氯乙烯樹脂是有毒、易燃品，應妥善防護。 施工時采用兩種方法相結合。封(填)縫工作宜在混凝土初凝后進行，封縫時，應先清除干凈縫隙內泥砂等雜物。如封縫為脹縫時，應在縫壁內涂一薄層冷底子油，封填料要填充實，夏天應與混凝土板表面齊平，冬天宜稍低于板面。常用的封縫料有兩大類，即: 加熱施工式封縫料：常用的是瀝青橡膠封縫料，也可采用聚氯乙烯膠泥和瀝青瑪蹄脂等。 常溫施工9、式封縫料 主要有聚氨脂封縫膠、聚硫脂封縫膠以及氯丁橡膠類、乳化瀝青橡膠類等常溫施工式封縫料。 四、質量保證措施1、嚴格執行三檢制，即施工班組自檢、合格后報質檢工程師檢查，檢驗合格報監理工程師檢查，如檢查合格，方可進行下道工序；2、完善質量保障體系。由項目經理牽頭，項目總工負責指導，質檢工程師負責檢查，班組具體落實，對每項工序進行嚴格的質量檢查。3、測量放樣必須在對導線、水準點復核的基礎上進行。導線點和水準點經復核無誤后方可進行路面點位包括平面坐標和高程放樣，并對放樣點進行校核，測量人員相互對測量成果進行復核和驗算，無誤后對施工隊伍進行交底。4、嚴格控制路面厚度。測量放樣按10m一個點位分左、中10、右三個點位放樣，分別比較每個點位的路面厚度，路面厚度滿足設計及規范要求方可立模，如路面厚度不滿足設計及規范要求，必須對路面基層進行處理，并分析原因，達到路面厚度后方可進入下道工序。5、立模。模型為槽鋼模型，模型表面光潔，無污穢，無混凝土殘渣，立模前必須對模板進行清理，并在模板與混凝土接觸面均勻涂刷脫模劑。考慮到施工段落曲線段落較多，綜合考慮，每塊模板長度3米。分左右幅澆筑，在縱縫處的模型必須按照設計要求鉆孔，便于預埋連接鋼筋。模板架立完畢后，必須再次對模型的高程和平面位置進行校核，由測量組按5米一個點位，對模型進行復核，誤差范圍必須達到設計和施工規范要求。模型校核完畢后，若模型和基層面之間有11、空隙，必須采用路面混凝土同標號混凝土進行填塞密實，避免混凝土澆筑和攤鋪時出現漏漿，同時不影響路面混凝土的厚度。6、原材料必須達到設計及施工規范要求，不能達到使用要求的原材料禁止進入施工現場。7、混凝土攪拌，嚴格按照混凝土配合比施工，控制混凝土坍落度。在施工過程中，由試驗工程師負責混凝土攪拌，攪拌時間必須達到要求，避免混凝土離析。并根據砂、石料的含水量適時調整施工用水量，保證混凝土坍落度。8、混凝土采用自卸運輸車，運輸能力達到攤鋪和混凝土攪拌平衡，避免混凝土運輸到現場的等待時間過長，或攤鋪后混凝土不能連續運輸到現場。9、混凝土攤鋪，采用攤鋪機和人工配合施工。自卸運輸車將混凝土運輸到現場后，攤鋪機12、進行攤鋪，人工配合。10、混凝土攤鋪均勻后立即進行振搗。采用插入式振動棒進行振搗，振搗時不得觸碰鋼筋和模板，不得拖行振動棒，必須依次逐點進行振搗，振搗時應快插慢拔，不得猛插急提。 振搗密實的標準時混凝土無明顯下沉和無大量氣泡冒出，逐點振搗時，必須待一個點振搗密實后再進行下一個點振搗。11、在涵洞頂面及橋頭過渡段路面施工時，振搗點間距應適當加密，不得漏振。在涵洞頂面和橋頭過渡段設加強鋼筋網，鋼筋的保護層必須達到設計要求，采用預制的混凝土或砂漿墊塊作為保護層定位點。混凝土振搗時不得觸碰鋼筋。振動時間比普通段混凝土的振搗時間適當延長510S。12、粗平。振搗密實后，采用振動梁對混凝土表面進行振搗提漿13、，并對混凝土表面粗平。13、精平。采用混凝土抹面機配合人工精平。混凝土精平是整個路面施工的比較關鍵的工序，應選用經驗豐富的技術工人進行，在混凝土達到初凝時開始操作。精平關系到路面混凝土外觀、表面平整度、橫坡等檢查項目，在施工過程應引起高度重視。14、拆模。當混凝土強度達到8.0Mpa時方可拆模，最早拆模時間不得小于下表時間：施工時間在秋冬季，我們采用的最晚拆模時間不得小于36小時。15、養護。采用碘鎢燈升溫、灑水，半幅兩側設置支架覆蓋塑料薄膜進行養護。養護期間必須斷道，在施工范圍設置警示標示標牌，不允許任何車輛在養護期間上路面。養護必須專人負責。由于施工期間氣溫較低，采用的輔助升溫措施必須專人14、看護，碘鎢燈不得直接對路面混凝土距離過近，避免局部受熱，混凝土出現不均勻干縮而出現開裂。覆蓋的塑料薄膜必須全部講混凝土表面全部覆蓋。支架高度約1米，支架之間縱向間距1米左右橫向加設木板，時薄膜能全部將混凝土罩住，不得漏冷空氣進入。在每天早上進行灑水，同時碘鎢燈不得關閉，薄膜不得拆除。使混凝土能不間斷的進行升溫養護。養護時間為7天。16、路面鋼筋加工。路面鋼筋按照設計和施工規范要求，縱縫傳力桿、角隅鋼筋、脹縫傳力桿、脹縫鋼筋支架以及橋頭過渡板、涵洞頂面鋼筋網所使用的鋼筋型號，鋼筋間距、長度等必須按照設計要求進行下料加工。焊接必須符合相關規范要求?？v縫拉桿和脹縫拉桿必須按照設計要求鋼筋表面均勻涂刷15、瀝青。17、混凝土橫向施工縫、脹縫施工。按照兩階段施工圖設計文件要求，結合JTG F30水泥混凝土路面施工技術規范的相關要求：（1）橫向施工縫橫向施工縫間距采用等間距布置，采用4.5米/板，不得采用斜縫；橫向施工縫采用不設傳力桿的假縫。（2）脹縫脹縫最大間距約140米，在平曲線半徑R200m的HY、YH及縱坡變換出均設脹縫。脹縫應設置脹縫補強鋼筋支架、脹縫板和傳力桿。脹縫板設置為軟質木板，厚度2cm，縫中完全不連漿，脹縫木板貫通整個路面板塊；脹縫為28級鋼筋,一端套100mm長的塑料套內留30mm空隙填充棉紗，傳力桿半段以上長度涂刷瀝青。脹縫傳力桿的滑動端可設在縫的一邊或交錯布置，處理干必須平16、衡于板面及路面中心線，誤差不大于3mm，固定傳力桿的支架及橫桿用鋼筋焊接成整體。 每班施工結束或當班施工時混凝土等待時間超過30分鐘時，需設橫向施工縫，設置的位置盡量與脹縫或縮縫重合。如不能重合時，采用螺紋鋼筋傳力桿企口縫型式設置。傳力桿應垂直于中心線。18、混凝土切縫混凝土養護24小時，應對混凝土面板進行切縫。采用機械切縫，橫向切縫縫寬46mm，切縫深度50mm。19、灌縫（1）混凝土面板養生結束后應進行灌縫；（2）灌縫的技術要求：切縫后應用高壓水將縫內的雜物清除干凈；灌縫材料采用加熱熬制的瀝青，加熱至規定溫度，加熱過程中應均勻攪拌，并盡快使用完；灌縫應將縫內充填飽滿，無空洞；灌縫后應將縫外17、的瀝青清理干凈。20、防滑構造使用硬刻槽方式制作抗滑溝槽，采用機械刻槽。按每塊板平均分布，并垂直于線路中線。槽深度35mm，槽寬3mm。五、安全保證措施1、施工過程中加強安全檢查，完善安全保證體系，由項目經理牽頭，項目總工指導，專職安全員現場檢查，施工班組具體落實。2、所有機械、設備操作人員必須是專業人員，駕駛員必須具有操作證書。3、施工臨時用電必須由專業電工布線和接線，防止非專業人員接電傷人。4、施工現場設置標示標牌、安全警示標語等。5、施工人員必須佩帶安全帽、勞保用品。g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out d18、isagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal19、 and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to app20、eal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the ti21、me limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tri22、bunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee o23、ut of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear abo24、ut the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmplo25、yment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I26、 have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of Europe27、an footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a wor28、d. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or wri29、te something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開頭的年齡已經到了尾聲。或許是愧疚于自己似乎把轉瞬即逝的很多個不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對自己那些近乎偏執的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏?？傆X得自己自己似乎應該去做點什么，或者寫點什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?30、而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past th31、ree years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduat32、ion party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年時，覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進，會越來越發現，那些東西根本就可有可無；初中時，以為要有一場暗戀才意味著真正的成長，但三年過去后，自己心平氣和的寫同學錄的時候，突然就發現是不是真正的成長了，好像并沒有那么重33、要了；然后到了高中，覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個句點，但畢業晚會的時候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來再次站在他曾經揮汗如雨的球場，看著他投過籃球的球框時，突然間發現自己已經想不起他的容顏。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原來，這個世界上，對某個事件能產生化學反應的，除了非做不可的堅決，還有，時間。A persons time, your ideas are alway34、s special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. T35、hose who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個人的時候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動自己。也曾經好像已經下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦，最終卻發現有很多緣分，有很多錯過，好像冥冥之中真的已經注定。那些曾經所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強心劑，或者說，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。At the moment, the sky is d36、ark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, l37、ike youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場還沒有開始就宣告了終結的邂逅計劃那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very ca38、lm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilo39、meters), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloo40、n will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so 41、despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water42、, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to dep43、loy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there