3.4.5樓冬期施工方案(10頁).doc
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1、measures planned implementation of technical protection measures and security schemes, the problems should be promptly reported to the Manager. 37th: carbon supervisor leadership and head of the company should periodically check the anti-accident measures planned, security technology protection meas2、ures planned in implementation of measures against accidents and guarantee schemes, security technology protection measures planned in implementation. Seventh article 38th of education and training: new factory (company) production staff (including internships, commissioned officer), must be approve3、d by the factory (company), workshop and team level safety education upon passing the examination before entering production site. Tertiary-level education after card registration, by the companys production technology section recovery archive, and reported to the company trade unions, safety record4、. Training and examinations including the safe work procedures as well as relevant safety regulations, work environment and jobs there are risk factors, preventive measures and emergency treatment, and so on. The 39th article: new producers must receive the following training and qualified posts: (a5、) the operating personnel, scheduling, must pass through the field point, institutional learning, on-site training and classes practice; (B) the maintenance, including technical staff, must undergo maintenance, technical specifications for learning and class practice; (C) special operations personne6、l, must pass the national professional training, after obtaining a special operations qualifications before they can post. 40th: on-the-job training of production personnel: (I) post production staff should regularly carry out targeted of technical questions and answers, an accident expected on site7、 training and anti-accident; (B) from running post 1 month and above the main post on duty or leave transportation . Drive system and security studies, arranged by upper management or organization of the examination. The 42nd article: June of every year once regulatory and safety procedures of the c8、ompany system of examinations, examination the failed again, still not eligible waiting list study. Article 43rd: every year in June the work ticket issuer, assignee, licensee of work training, after passing the examination, as a formal announcement are eligible to work as ticket issuer, head of ins9、pection, work permits and the right to a separate high-pressure equipment list, and reported to the Management Department. Failing the exam may not serve as a two person, stop classes, examinations before they can post. 44th: for breach of discipline system caused the accident, a kind of disorder an10、d attempted serious responsibility for the accident, in addition to the relevant provisions dealing with should also be tasked to learn about a point system, and after passing the exam, before they can post. Article 45th: units of the company using the security video, slide projector, television, co11、mputer, multimedia, radio, Billboard, artifacts, photo exhibitions, as well as security knowledge exam, lectures, contests, and other forms of advocacy, popularize the knowledge of security technology, targeted, Visual training, enhancing workers safety awareness and self-protection ability. Article12、 46th長豐園二區3#、4#、5#樓冬期施工方案編制:審核:編制日期:2007年11月10日中國陜西國際經濟技術合作公司建設分公司第五項目部一、冬期施工的起止時間根據建筑工程冬期施工規程的規定,當室外日平均氣溫連續五天穩定低于5 C,即進入冬期施工,則此五天的第一天為進入冬期施工的初日,當氣溫轉曖時,最后一個五天的日平均氣溫高于5 C,則此五天的最后一天為冬期施工的終日。根據西安地區氣溫變化情況,冬期生產施工定為當年11月20日至來年3月10日左右。二、進入冬期施工的子分部或分項工程的確定根據西三爻村長豐園二區3#、4#、5#樓施工組織設計,施工進度計劃的安排及現場實際情況,進入冬期施工的主13、要子分部或分項工程為:土方回填工程,鋼筋工程,混凝土工程,填充墻磚砌筑工程。三、主要分項工程施工方法及要點1、土方回填工程冬期土方回填時,每層鋪土厚度應比在常溫施工時減少20-25%,不論是否室內房心回填或室外基坑回填,均采用人工鋪設,蛙式和立式打夯機進行夯實,其施工要點如下:1)室內房心回填及地下室外側回填,素土或2:8灰土回填,所用的土料,不得含有凍土塊,必要時摻加白灰、砂以改變土質增大干密度。2)回填前,先將基底的凍雪打掃干凈,方可進行回填。3)對于蛙式打夯機不能到達的地方,采用人工夯實或立夯進行夯實,采用人力夯實時,每層鋪土厚度不能超過20cm,夯實后厚度為10-15 cm。4)下班應14、對回填夯實的土及灰土面進行覆蓋,防止土層受凍,影響回填土質量。2、鋼筋工程進入冬期施工后,在負溫條件下焊接鋼筋,應在鋼筋棚內進行,焊接后未冷卻的鋼筋接頭嚴禁碰到冰雪,其操作方法和要求如下:1)負溫閃光對焊,宜采用預熱閃光對焊或閃光預熱閃光焊工藝。鋼筋端面平整時宜采用預熱閃光焊,當鋼筋端面不平整,采用閃光預熱閃光焊。2)負溫閃光對焊與常溫焊接相比,應采用以下措施:A、調伸長度增10-20%,經利于增大加熱范圍。B、增加熱儲備量,降低冷卻速度,改善接頭性能。C、變壓器級數應降低1-2級以能保證閃光順利進行為準。D、在閃光過程開始之前可將鋼筋接觸幾次,使鋼筋溫度上升,燒化過程中期速度適當減慢,預熱時15、的接觸壓力適當提高,預熱間歇時間適當增長。3)鋼筋負溫閃光對焊焊接參數,在施焊時應根據鋼筋的規格、直徑、施工的溫度及施焊人員的技術水平進行調整。4)負溫電渣壓力焊的焊接步驟與常溫相同,但焊接參數需做適當的調整,其中焊接電流的大小,應根據鋼筋直徑和焊接時的環境溫度而定,它將影響渣池,電渣過程的穩定性和鋼筋的熔化速度,當焊接電流過小時,常發生斷弧,便焊接接頭不能熔合。因此應適當增加焊接電流,焊接通電時間也應根據鋼筋直徑和環境溫度調整,焊接通電時間過短,鋼筋端面熔化不均勻,不能緊密接觸,不能保證接頭的熔化,故應延長通電時間。5)在負溫條件下進行電渣壓力焊接時,接頭藥盒拆除的時間宜延長2分鐘左右,接頭16、的渣殼宜延長5分鐘,方可打渣。3、混凝土工程:由于本工程所用混凝土均采用現場攪拌,泵管輸送,進入冬期施工后,其要求如下:1)原材料A、冬期施工的混凝土,一般應選用硅酸鹽水泥或普通硅酸鹽水泥,水泥強度等級不應低于32.5R,每立方米混凝土水泥用量不少于300Kg,水灰比不應大于0.60,并加入早強劑。B、拌制混凝土所采用的粗細骨料應清潔,不得含有冰、雪、冰塊及其它宜凍裂物質,石子含泥量應小于或等于1%,在摻有鉀、鈉離的防凍劑混凝土中,不得采用活性骨料或在骨料中混有這類物質的材料。C、混凝土中摻入適量的外加劑,冬期施工選用的外加劑要認真檢查外加劑質量,應嚴格按照有關標準認可,對各項技術指標、性能進17、行復試,經過權威機構的檢測認可,各項指標符合國家標準要求,對失效或不合格的外加劑不得使用,對新補進的外加劑,必須經過試驗合格后,方能使用于工程。2)混凝土的拌制運輸與泵送A、攪拌混凝土前用熱水沖洗預熱攪拌機,同時攪拌時間應取常溫攪拌時間的1.5倍。B、進入冬期施工優先采用加熱水的方法,加熱溫度應根據實際測量出混凝土出機溫度確定,要保證混凝土的出機溫度不低于10聶氏度,入模溫度不低于5聶氏度,對熱水溫度要求為,當普通硅酸鹽水泥強度等級小于42.5R時,不宜高于80聶氏度,當水泥強度等級大于或等于42.5R時,水溫不宜高于60聶氏度。如果將水加熱到最高溫度,還不能滿足混凝土溫度要求,再考慮加熱骨料18、等方法。C、采用熱水攪拌時,水泥不得與熱水直接接觸,投料時應先投入骨料和熱水,然后再投入水泥。若采用加熱骨料的方法,一般情況 下當采用42.5R水泥時,骨料加熱溫度不得超過40聶氏度,當采用32.5R時,骨料加熱溫度不得超過60聶氏度。D、混凝土攪拌前應進行運行前計量校驗,確保各種材料的計量誤差符合規范規定要求。對攪拌好的混凝土應經常檢查其出機溫度擴和易性,若有較大差異時,應檢查原材料的質量及加熱水的溫度,投料順序及粗細骨料的含水率,經便及時調整。E、應盡量縮短運輸距,加快混凝土的入模時間,保證混凝土在最短的時間內完成澆筑密實,并保證混凝土泵送的連續性。現場嚴禁對混凝土時行二次攪拌,嚴禁隨意向19、混凝土中加水,實驗室加強監督,嚴格控制現場混凝土的入模溫度。F、冬期施工混凝土泵送管,在可能時應采取保溫措施。3)混凝土的澆灌及養護A、混凝土在澆筑前應清除模板和鋼筋上的冰、雪和污垢,剪力墻的混凝土應分層澆筑,已澆筑層的混凝土溫度,在上一層混凝土未覆蓋前不得低于2聶氏度。B、冬期施工的混凝土澆灌應盡量選擇在白天施工,當遇有寒流時板混凝土澆筑應暫停施工。C、冬期施工的混凝土主要采用綜合蓄熱法進行養護,綜合蓄熱法,即在蓄熱工藝的基礎上,在混凝土中摻入防凍劑,以延長混凝土硬化時間和提高抗凍害能力。蓄熱法的工藝特點為:將混凝土的組成材料進行加熱后攪拌,在經過運輸振搗后仍具有一定的溫度,澆筑后的混凝土周20、圍用保溫材料進行覆蓋,利用這種預加的熱量和水泥的水化熱量,便混凝土緩慢冷卻,并在冷卻過程中混凝土逐漸硬化,當混凝土溫度降至0聶氏度時,可達到抗凍臨界強度或預期的強度要求。D、混凝土澆筑后,在裸露的混凝土表面應用塑料薄膜或棉氈等保溫材料進行覆蓋,不應采用潮濕狀態材料,也不應將保溫材料直接鋪蓋在潮濕的混凝土表面。E、在冬期施工中,對混凝土的養護要適當延長,并且嚴格控制升、降溫速度, 要加強混凝土保溫、測溫,養護工作,應密切注意天氣預報,施工現場應有預防寒流的措施和物質準備,并逐日做好氣象記錄。4)混凝土的質量檢查,混凝土工程的冬期施工,除按常溫施工的要求進行質量檢查外,尚應檢查以下項目:A、外加劑21、的質量和摻量。B、水和骨料的加熱溫度。C、測量混凝土在出機、入模和硬化過程中的溫度。D、設專人負責測溫孔的留設,澆筑后的溫度測量,并及時做好測溫記錄。E、在混凝土施工過程中,要在澆筑地點隨機取樣制作試塊,試塊的留置及養護應按混凝土結構工程規程的有關要求。F、做好冬期施工技術、質量、安全交底,并認真落實冬期施工人員的崗位責任,消除質量、安全隱患,確保正常生產。 4)磚砌體工程根據各單位工程的建筑特點和成本綜合分折,砌體工程進入冬期施工后,采用外加劑法進行施工。(1)外加劑法的基本原理A、工藝特點:將砂漿的拌合水預先加熱,砂或石灰膏在攪拌前也應保持正溫,使砂漿經過攪拌、運輸,在砌筑時具有5 C 以22、上的正溫,在拌合水中摻入外加劑,使砂漿在砌筑后可以在負溫條件下硬化。B、作用機理:純水當冷卻至0 C 時開始結冰,從開始結冰到全部凍結,溫度一致保持不變,如在水中溶入了不揮發物質成為溶液后,其凍結過程則與純水完全不同。以濃度為5%的食鹽溶液為例,當溶液當溶液下降到-3 C 時,開始有冰出,此時的溫度稱為該濃度液的冰點,當溫度繼續下降時,結冰逐漸增加,由于冰的析出,液態水中的食鹽濃度也相應增加,冰點則隨著下降。若溫度繼續下降達到某一點時,食鹽與冰同時全部析出,此時的溫度稱為食鹽的最低共溶點(-21 C),因此當砂漿的拌合水溶有鹽類時,只要溫度不低于鹽溶液的最低共溶點,在砂漿中就會有液態水存在,可23、以與水泥進行水化反應,液態水含量的多少,與鹽類的摻量、環境、溫度有關,因此砂漿中的摻鹽量及其適應溫度應事先通過試驗確定。(2)施工方法及要點、普通磚及非承重空心磚在砌筑前,應清除表面污物、冰雪,遭水浸后凍結磚不得使用。、拌制砂漿所用的水泥應優先采用硅酸鹽或普通硅酸鹽水泥,冬期施工不得使用無水泥砂漿。、石灰膏或電石膏等宜保溫防凍,如遭凍結應經融溶后方可使用。、要認真檢查外加劑的質量,嚴格按照有關標準,對各項技術指標時行復試,凡失效和不合格的外加劑不得使用。、砂漿攪拌時,加熱水的溫度不宜超過80 C,當水溫超過時應將水、砂先進行攪拌,再加水泥,以防水泥出現假凝現象。、攪拌砂漿所用的砂不得含有凍結塊24、和冰塊,砂漿的稠度應比常溫下下施工時適當增加。攪拌砂漿的時間應適當延長,應比常溫 增加0.5-1倍。、砂漿的攪拌應在采暖的房間或保暖棚內進行,環境溫度不低于5 C,冬期施工砂漿應隨拌隨用,直接傾于運輸車內。不可大量積存和二次倒運。、運輸砂漿所用的灰漿車應及時清理,每日下班后用水沖洗干凈,以免受凍。、嚴禁使用已遭凍結的砂漿,不準單以熱水摻入凍結砂漿內重新攪拌使用,嚴禁使用過夜砂漿。、磚本水平及垂直灰縫宜控制在8-12mm,施工時要經常檢查灰縫的厚度及均勻性。、每天砌筑收工后,應將垂直灰縫填滿,墻面清掃干凈,同時用毛氈等保溫材料將砌體上表面加以覆蓋。第二天上班時應將砌體上表面清掃干凈,然后在繼續砌25、筑。、在施工現場留置的砂漿試塊,除按常溫施工規定外,尚應增設不少于兩組與砌體同條件養護試塊,分別用于檢驗各齡期強度和轉入常溫28天的砂漿強度。、砌體所用的磚,在正溫條件下砌筑時,磚應適當灑水濕潤,可用噴壺隨澆隨砌,在負溫度下砌筑的磚可不澆水,但磚表面的灰塵,冰雪必須清掃干凈。、砌體工程冬期施工應嚴格按照砌體工程施工質量驗收規范(GB50203-2002)第10.01-10.14條之規定執行。四、落實責任,減少冬期施工質量,安全事故發生。1、做好冬期施工技術、質量、安全交底,并認真落實施工人員的崗位責任,消除質量安全隱患,確保正常生產。2、密切注意天氣預報,施工現場應有預防寒流的技術措施和物質準26、備,并逐日做好氣象記錄。3、冬期基坑、槽土方施工要制定切實可行的施工方案,要求做到監測、監護、支護措施落實責任到人,作業場所要配足消防器材和個人防用品,雨、雪、霧天氣高處作業要做到防滑、防凍、防物擊、防墜落措施到位,再行施工。4、加強冬期施工安全監督檢查工作列為重中之重,抓緊抓好,并做好檢查,消除隱患的記錄,準備檢查。5、工地和職工宿舍要求采取有效措施,防止火災、防止煤氣中毒,使用電熱褥取暖要防止電氣火災的發生,對使用自制電熱褥的要堅決取締。6、加強“三寶”、“四口”的安全檢查,施工通道、升降電梯及上料口應每班檢查,專人清理,及時消除隱患,不留死角。 中陜國際第五項目部 2007年11月11日27、regular issuance system of internal and external accident cases, organizational learning, analysis and discussion on a regular basis, and educate the persons concerned in a timely manner. 47th article: strengthening the safety of staff, establishing the concept of legalization of production safety, 28、establish a people-oriented concept, three do no harm (dont hurt yourself, no harm to others, not to be hurt). 48th eighth day routine: pre-shift and post-shift monitor organizations, safety assist. Before class: succession (started), combined with shift operation and tasks for better risk analysis,29、 arranged security account considerations. After class: summarizing comment on duty and the security situation, praise good deeds criticism ignored safety, illegal operations and other adverse phenomena, and completes the record. 49th: safety day event organized by the monitor, safety help, workshop30、 leaders and checking activities. Classes (groups) or rotating a safety day event a week, activities to learn more about the superior file and the spirit of the meeting, informed of the accident, analysis of the company, workshop and fewer security incidents, as well as the typical illegal team, ana31、lysis of operation environment, there may be a risk factor for the main content. 50th: security analysis companies every quarter of a security analysis; shop at least once a month analysis, comprehensive analysis of production trends, sum up lessons learned from and the weakness in safety management32、, accident prevention measures in the study. Meeting was chaired by enterprise security responsibility, concerning the participation of Heads of Department, workshop. Formation meeting and made public. 51st: security check for carbon companys periodic and non-periodic safety checks should be carried33、 out. Periodic inspection includes fall and spring security checks, security checks should be combined with spring or autumn season characteristics and accident law . 52nd: security analysis companies should all be actively involved in the preparation of security advisories, bulletins, integrated se34、curity, analysis of accident law, drawing on lessons learned from. 53rd: the companys safety safety month activities each year according to the Governments requirements and deployment of the group, safety month activities focus on advocacy efforts to improve production safety and strengthen company-35、wide awareness of work safety, improve the safety awareness, improving the companys safety culture. 54th: units of the company in relation to the units actual, active use of risk analysis method, and is actively exploring new management tools for enterprises and job site safety analysis, identify we36、aknesses and potential accidents and take preventive measures in a timely manner. 55th: units of the company against the possibility of seriously affecting the safety of emergency contingency plans, and actively prepared for the critical work, ensure that the critical situation occurred after relief37、, rescue and recovery work in an orderly manner. 56th Nineth day construction project: company or project, the implementation of construction projects legal and construction team joint management of construction site safety of principle. Identified under the project bear this organizing, coordinating and oversight responsibilities;9