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1、Relationship of light steel structure and sustainable development(輕鋼結構與可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關系） 1993 International Association 18 Congress of Chicago published the Chicago declaration calls, sustainable architecture and city development (Sustaimbility), become our common program of new century construction and cre2、ation. Specifically, the development principle recognized architectural sustainable development:(1) the macro goal of building design is a comprehensive site began to seek the harmony of man and nature;(2) building is the key to sustainable development of resources, energy and life styles of global 3、vision symbiosis concept;(3) health building, building materials and environment and maintaining ecological balance;(4) the ecological land effective and efficient use and keep the city;(5) the sustainable development one of the important topics in contemporary architects is to study architecture. S4、teel structure building was invented in the early twentieth Century, because of its focus on many of the building materials, steel is in line with the principle of sustainable development of the building, and there are broad prospects for development. It belongs to the ecological environment materia5、l, is known as the most easily recycled materials. According to a twentieth Century estimate, the 60s and 70s production of steel 45% have been recycled. From the energy point of view, technological advances have made of steel and energy for more than 30 years ago, a decrease of 30%. With the contin6、uous development of society, steel structure building is building plays a more and more important role. Steel structure residence with its light weight, construction fast, low prices, green environmental protection and other advantages, is known as the sustainable development of the ecological archi7、tecture system. In twentieth Century 80 years later, Chinas steel production increased year by year, in 2003 Chinas steel production exceeded 200000000 T, and steel varieties, specifications and product quality has been greatly improved, so the steel structure has been rapid development in the coast8、al economically developed provinces. Even so, the current ratio of steel structure residential building in China is still less than 5%, while developed countries are generally in more than 40%, compared with a larger gap. How to give the traditional construction mode Chinese Qin Han watt brick style9、 of great change, fourth residential revolution, adjust the consumption structure of steel, the steel structure housing the play advantage, has become a very worthy of attention.1.The development of 1 steel structure residence1.1The development of 1.1 foreign steel structure residence In developed c10、ountries, steel structure has become the dominant building structure form. Steel structure is widely used in high-rise, super high-rise building, long span and large space building, industrial, commercial, community, culture and education and health and other buildings, and low level in most of the 11、non residential buildings. In Europe and the United States, steel structure residential building has accounted for all of about 65% of the total, in Japan also accounted for about 50% of. USA The Empire State Building in New York, Malaysia Twin Towers Oil Mansion building with steel structure. At pr12、esent, the developed countries, Britain, Japan and other USA is actively promoting the development of steel structure of low rise residential. Steel structure has been widely used, pulling the weight of steel construction is growing. In developed countries, such as Japan America, construction steel 13、accounted for more than 50% of the total consumption of steel, steel structure of steel consumption accounted for more than 30% of the steel output, steel structure area accounted for a total construction area of about more than 40%. Overall, the steel structure is widely used in developed countries14、, large steel consumption.1.2 The development of 1.2 domestic steel structure residence Along with the rapid economic and social development of our country, the rapid development of construction steel structure production, steel structure residential building as an important branch of construction i15、s also booming. In 2011, Chinas steel output reached 6.9 tons, accounting for 45.5% of global output, steel structure industry steel consumption reached about 30000000 tons. However, Chinas steel structure is not reasonable. Construction steel accounted for only about 30% of the total output of stee16、l, steel structure building steel consumption accounted for only 5% of the total output of steel. Because most of the steel used for the reinforced concrete structure and masonry structure, real steel structure of the steel consumption accounted for only about 1.5% of steel used in construction. Hav17、e good material and technical foundation for the development of steel structure residence in China, but compared with foreign gap is still significant. The National Stadium (Birds Nest), the National Swimming Center (Water Cube), the Jinmao Tower in Shanghai, the Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway 18、and other landmarks demonstrates the comprehensive technology of steel structure in our country has been in the international advanced level. In recent years, the steel structure, more and more highway bridges in municipal construction engineering in China. In addition, in Chinas Beijing, Shanghai, 19、Anhui and other places, has created a lot of low layer, multilayer and high-rise steel structure housing demonstration project, has achieved remarkable results, such as the Beijing Jinchen apartment 12, Shanghai Lu Haicheng 25 layer, the steel industry of our country existing application field is la20、rge and the development of space.2 steel structure residential advantage Sustainable building refers to properly handle the relations and coordination of the ecological environment, and embodies the principle of elasticity of building use function in the process of long-term use in architecture desi21、gn. Steel structure with detachable, but instead, renewable, recyclability, consistent with the concept of sustainable development.2.1 superior structural performance The structure of 2.1.1 light weight steel structure - volume weight, high strength, but the structure is made of lighter. In the same22、 span under the same load, quality just truss up but for reinforced concrete roof truss of 1/3 1/4, cold-formed steel roof truss and even close to 1/10. The seismic performance of steel structure 2.1.2 ultra strong plasticity, good toughness, suitable to withstand the impact and dynamic loading, par23、t of energy consumption caused by the earthquake, has better seismic performance. Just the structure safety degree is high, the damaged light, and steel facilitate processing, post disaster rehabilitation easier. According to the survey, the number of domestic and overseas in the steel structure res24、idential building collapsed a few. Japan and Chinese Taiwan area earthquake in the earthquake proof, steel structure building in the guarantee has irreplaceable advantages the life security of people.2.1.3 high space utilization rate - because section steel structure column size is small, compared w25、ith the concrete column, about 50% less than the cross section. High strength steel, the large standard width of a room layout, standard width of a room than the standard width of a room big 50% brick and concrete structure of traditional residential space, combined to provide maximum freedom, can b26、etter meet the building large standard width of a room, separated by a flexible requirements. This not only realized the internal free space division, also increase the construction 6% 8% of the effective use of space.2.1.4 architectural modelling is rich and beautiful - steel structure has good arc27、hitectural art expressive force, its characteristics can make the building becomes lightsome and transparent, unique perfect fusion of beautiful architecture and layout.2.2 superior economic benefit2.2.1 based cost saving - steel structure of light weight, can reduce the foundation load, thereby red28、ucing the foundation, the basal part of the cost. Steel structure building is a reinforced concrete structure can save 30% based on cost.2.2.2 short construction period - the main component of steel structure in General Factory mechanization production, so the construction mechanization, program, ha29、d higher accuracy and precision. Steel light weight, simple connection, convenient installation, and, construction and steel slab foundation construction, parts processing steel structure can use cross parallel operation way or at the same time, thus shortening the time limit of about 30%.2.2.3 driv30、es the development of supporting industries - steel structure industry development also promotes the construction of steel product structure adjustment. The development of steel structure industry to promote the product structure of metallurgical industry adjustment and variety update, new building 31、materials and high quality, high performance, and promote the development of new wall materials, new windows and doors and its supporting products and other new environment-friendly building materials industry. 2.3 superior environmental benefits2.3.1 field pollution reduction - because of dry const32、ruction, reduce a lot of site mixing and pouring process, not a large number of templates. Thus, the construction site no longer has a large amount of sand, cement, aggregate, cut off the source of dust, greatly increased the degree of civilization.2.3.2 environmental protection and energy saving - 33、due to the self weight, foundation construction soil less, less damage to land resources; the use of reducing the number of sand, cement and bricks, reducing the city surrounding mountains digging, beneficial to the environment and vegetation protection. Steel structure construction and demolition o34、f the less environmental pollution and reconstruction and easy relocation, and demolition of steel, and the matching of construction materials, can be recycled and biodegradable, can realize the resource recycling. In addition, the steel structure of energy-saving index up to 50%, belong to the system of green building in our country, in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development.