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1、塞拉利昂水泥廠項(xiàng)目樁基施工方案Cement terminal project pile foundation construction program in Sierra Leone一、旋挖成孔灌注樁施工 Rotary drilling hole pile construction1工程量1000M3砼 The project amount 1000M3 concrete2施工技術(shù) Construction Technology本工程項(xiàng)目樁基施工采用旋挖成孔工程鉆機(jī)，在施工前須對(duì)場(chǎng)地進(jìn)行清表、清障、平整、壓實(shí)，使場(chǎng)地表面耐力不小于100Kpa。施工時(shí)設(shè)置泥漿池、沉定池、泥漿循環(huán)系統(tǒng)和廢漿池，沉2、淀池的容積兩倍于一根樁的體積，儲(chǔ)漿池容積大于16m3，以滿(mǎn)足鉆孔需要。Pile Foundation Construction of the project use a rotary drilling rig,before construction,we need to cleared the table , wrecker , leveling , compaction venue to make sure the surface endurance is not less than 100Kpa.During construction, we need to set Mud pools ,3、 sedimentation tanks , mud circulation system and waste slurry pond.To meet drilling demand, Sedimentation tank volume is twice the volume of a pile , storage slurry pond volume should be greater than 16m33工藝流程 Process 4操作工藝 Operation process（1）測(cè)量定位 Measurement Positioning（a）采用全站儀按照?qǐng)D紙測(cè)定位置并做好標(biāo)色。Use t4、otal station measurement position in accordance with the drawings and make a standard color .（b）利用水準(zhǔn)儀測(cè)定護(hù)筒標(biāo)高其誤差不大于10MM。Level determination Casings for elevation of the error should not more than 10MM（2）栓樁：樁位位置確定后，用兩根相互垂直的十字線中心相交于樁點(diǎn)，并定出他的控制點(diǎn)，做好標(biāo)識(shí)妥善保護(hù)。Bolt piles :once piles bit position is determined,w5、e use two mutually perpendicular crosshairs center intersect at the pile point, set his control point and marked properly protected.（3）鉆機(jī)就位：履帶坐落的位置應(yīng)平整，坡度不大于3度，避免因場(chǎng)地不平整產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力損失，傾斜、位移，重心高時(shí)還會(huì)引起安全事故。Rig in place : Tracked located position should be flat , the slope is not greater than 3 degrees and avoid 6、venue uneven loss of power , tilt , displacement , high center of gravity will also cause accidents（4）對(duì)準(zhǔn)樁位：首先調(diào)整旋挖機(jī)的桅桿，使之處于垂直狀態(tài)，讓鉆頭對(duì)準(zhǔn)樁點(diǎn)。Alignment Pile : First adjust the auger mast in a vertical state and the drill bucket should be align with the pile point .（5）埋設(shè)護(hù)筒：定出十字控制點(diǎn)后，可采用鉆機(jī)進(jìn)行取土，鉆至設(shè)計(jì)深度進(jìn)行護(hù)筒埋設(shè)。Bu7、ry casing：set cross control point the we use the rig dig the hole until the depth we can start to bury the casing.護(hù)筒采用厚度6mm的鋼板制作而成，長(zhǎng)度在2m左右,護(hù)筒的直徑為850mmm。護(hù)筒埋設(shè)位置應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確其中心點(diǎn)與樁定位點(diǎn)誤差不大于50mm，并應(yīng)保證護(hù)筒的垂度和水平度。The casing was made by 6mm thick steel plate,the length should be around 2m and the casing diameter is 8508、mm. In order to prevent the outer tube Protection Drilling returned to the pulp caused the hole collapse and retaining barrel off the bottom of the pile casing should be located in the stable on the soil and into the original soil 0.3 -0.5m。Casing laying position should be accurate center point，pile9、 anchor point error is not more than 50mm and also should ensure Casing for vertical and horizontal（6）泥漿制作：采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)所泥漿攪拌機(jī)或人工制作，宜先加水并計(jì)算體積，在攪拌下加入規(guī)定的膨潤(rùn)土，純堿以溶液的方式在攪拌下緩緩加入，攪拌時(shí)間一般不少于3分鐘，必要時(shí)還可加入其他外加劑，以增大泥漿比重。另拌制泥漿應(yīng)根據(jù)工藝和穿越土層情況進(jìn)行配合調(diào)整，膨潤(rùn)土泥漿性能指標(biāo)制備可按下列參數(shù)(砂土層)；粘度19-25%；含沙率小于6%，膠體率95%，PH值7.0-9.0。Mud production：site s10、lurry mixer or artificially produced advised adding water and calculating the volume,after that added with stirring a predetermined bentonite, soda ash solution with stirring was slowly added and the stirring time is generally less than 3 minutes , if necessary we can also add other admixtures to in11、crease the mud weight. Besides, Mixing mud with the adjustment should be based on the process and through the soil , and the bentonite slurry performance indicators prepared according to the following parameters ( sand layer ) ; viscosity 19-25 % ; proportion 1.18 - 1.30 ; sandy rate less than 6% , 12、colloidal rate 95%,.（7）旋挖鉆鉆進(jìn)成孔 Rotary Drill drilling hole（a）以鉆具鉆頭自重和液壓缸加壓作為鉆進(jìn)壓力，每一回次的鉆進(jìn)量應(yīng)以深度儀所示值為參考依據(jù)，以鉆機(jī)說(shuō)明書(shū)鉆速，鉆壓扭矩為指導(dǎo)，進(jìn)尺適當(dāng)，不多鉆也不少鉆。鉆多，輔助時(shí)間加長(zhǎng)。鉆少，回次進(jìn)尺少，效率降低。We take drill weight and hydraulic cylinder pressure as the drilling pressure , drilling depth meter should be shown the value reference for spe13、ed drilling rig manual the WOB torque for guidance , footage appropriate , not much drill is also a lot of drilling . Drill multi Auxiliary longer . Drilling less footage back to the times , reducing efficiency（b）當(dāng)鉆頭內(nèi)裝滿(mǎn)土、砂后，將其提升上來(lái),注意地下水位變化情況，并灌注泥漿。When the drill is filled with soil and sand , we rai14、se it up and pay attention to the groundwater level changes then perfuse mud（c）旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)將鉆頭內(nèi)的土卸出，用鏟車(chē)及時(shí)運(yùn)走，運(yùn)離不影響施工作業(yè)區(qū)。Rotary rig to drill within the soil unloaded then transported with a forklift in a timely manner and transported from the impact of the construction work area（d）關(guān)閉鉆頭活門(mén)，將鉆頭轉(zhuǎn)回孔口，降下鉆頭繼續(xù)鉆進(jìn)。Clos15、e the shutter then reversal of the drill orifice , lower the drill bit to continued drilling （e）為保證孔壁穩(wěn)定,應(yīng)視表土松散層厚度，孔口下入長(zhǎng)度適當(dāng)?shù)淖o(hù)筒，并保持泥漿面高度，隨泥漿損耗及孔深增加，應(yīng)及時(shí)向孔內(nèi)補(bǔ)充泥漿，以維持孔內(nèi)壓力平衡。Should be considered to ensure the stability of hole wall the topsoil loose layer thickness orifice into the appropriate length casin16、g Protection , then keep the mud surface height with mud loss and deep hole should be timely supplement to the hole in the mud , in order to maintain the hole pressure balance.（f）提升鉆頭過(guò)快，易產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，造成塌孔.一般鉆頭提升速度控制在，裝滿(mǎn)渣土鉆頭提升0.937M/S，空鉆頭升降1.210M/S。If we improve drill too fast , its easy to produce negative 17、pressure, which will result in hole collapse .Usually when a drill filled with muck,the lifting speed should be controlled within 0.937M/S and for empty drill,the speed should be 1.210M/S（g）在樁端持力層鉆進(jìn)時(shí)右能會(huì)由于鉆頭的提升引起持力層的松馳，因此在接近孔底標(biāo)高時(shí)應(yīng)注意減小鉆頭的提升速度。Due to the enhancement of the drill in the pile end bearing18、 stratum drilling may cause relaxation of the bearing layer elevation thus when drilling near the bottom of the hole we should pay attention to reduce the lifting speed of the drill（h）清孔：因旋挖鉆用泥漿循環(huán),在保障泥漿穩(wěn)定的情況下，(清除孔底沉渣一般用雙層底撈砂鉆頭，在不進(jìn)尺的情況下，回轉(zhuǎn)鉆頭使沉渣盡可能地進(jìn)入斗內(nèi)，反轉(zhuǎn)，封閉斗門(mén)，即可達(dá)到目的。因本工程地質(zhì)-24M以下為粘土層,視具體情況,確定清孔方法，確保沉19、渣厚度符合要求。Clean-up holes :Because rotary drilling use mud circulation , so under the circumstance of stable mud protection ( when clear the hole bottom sediment generally we do with double bottom bailing bit , in the case of footage , rotary drill bit so that sediment went into the bucket , inverted c20、losed shutter and this can achieve the purpose .Because of the engineering geology -24M below are the clay layer so we should depend on the specific situation then determine hole cleaning methods , to ensure the sediment thickness required（i）鋼筋籠制作：鋼筋籠按設(shè)計(jì)圖紙及相關(guān)規(guī)定要求制作。鋼筋表面應(yīng)潔凈，使用前應(yīng)將表面污垢、漆皮、鱗銹等清除干凈；鋼筋應(yīng)平直21、，無(wú)局部彎曲、無(wú)裂紋、斷傷。鋼筋接頭焊縫均勻、飽滿(mǎn)、光滑；不得有裂紋、塌陷、咬邊、夾渣，鋼筋表面無(wú)明顯燒傷等缺陷。每批焊條都應(yīng)有出廠合格證。The reinforcement cage production : steel cage was designed according to drawings and related regulations requirements. Reinforced surface should be clean before using.We should clean surface dirt , patent leather , scaly rust and22、 the reinforcement should be straight with no local bending , no cracks , off injured. Reinforced joints should be uniform weld , full, smooth, without cracks , collapse , undercut , slag , steel surface burns and other defects . Each batch of electrodes should have factory certification鋼筋籠安裝，視設(shè)計(jì)樁長(zhǎng)的23、配筋長(zhǎng)度及配備的工程吊車(chē)技術(shù)參數(shù)的實(shí)際情況，進(jìn)行分段制作，遂段吊放鋼筋籠，各段之間根據(jù)主筋直徑按設(shè)計(jì)要求采用單面電焊連接。雙點(diǎn)起吊，確保鋼筋籠不變形。當(dāng)鋼筋籠吊放至設(shè)計(jì)位置后，在孔口固定鋼筋籠上端。Reinforcement cage installation: According to the actual situation of the design length of pile reinforcement length and with engineering crane technical parameters , we should produce in segment , the24、n the segment dipping steel cage main reinforcement diameter between paragraphs design requires single-sided welding . Using two-point lifting to ensure no deformation of the reinforcement cage . When the reinforcement cage was dipping to the design position,we fixed reinforcement cage in the upper 25、of the orifice.鋼筋籠保護(hù)層墊塊采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)預(yù)制砂漿圓塊。The protective layer of the reinforcement cage pads use the site prefabricated mortar round block（j）下鋼筋籠，鋼筋籠場(chǎng)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸可采用人工抬運(yùn)或加托架轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)，不可使鋼筋籠產(chǎn)生永久變形；鋼筋籠采用雙點(diǎn)起吊，對(duì)正后緩緩下入，不準(zhǔn)強(qiáng)行壓入。Reinforcing Steel Cage: Reinforcement cage inside can be transported by artificial lift or bracket tra26、nsport and the cage cannot be made permanent deformation; The reinforcement cage use dual point lifting , slowly down into the positive , not allowed to press into by forcement.（k）下導(dǎo)管：導(dǎo)管連接要密封、順直，導(dǎo)管下口離孔底約300mm就可，導(dǎo)管平臺(tái)應(yīng)平整，夾板牢固可靠。Lower conduit : conduit connection must be sealed , straight, catheter dow27、n until the under mouth about 300mm from the bottom of the hole( the catheter platform should be smooth and plywood robust)當(dāng)鋼筋籠吊放定位后，就可在孔口安放導(dǎo)管平臺(tái)，吊放導(dǎo)管。導(dǎo)管采用直徑250mm鋼制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)導(dǎo)管，各節(jié)導(dǎo)管及其與承料斗間均以絲扣連接。導(dǎo)管在吊放前，在地面連接作水壓試驗(yàn)，確保無(wú)滲漏方可使用。When the reinforcement cage dipping positioned , the orifice can be placed with cathet28、er platform then we start to dip catheter . The conduit was taken the 250mm diameter steel standards catheter, sections catheter and the Order of the hopper are threaded connection . Catheter before dipping in the ground connection for water pressure test to ensure no leakage before use（l）澆筑砼：Pourin29、g concrete鋼筋籠，導(dǎo)管下放完畢，做隱蔽檢查，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行二次清孔，驗(yàn)收合格后，澆筑砼。砼采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)攪拌。After decentralization of the reinforcement cage , catheters ,we need to do covert checks , and if necessary,we will do a second hole cleaning , after acceptance ,we can pour concrete( Concrete are mixing on site)預(yù)拌砼應(yīng)具備設(shè)計(jì)的強(qiáng)度等級(jí)，有良好的和易性，塌落度宜180-2230、0mm。Ready-mixed concrete should have the strength grade design , good workability , and slump should be 180- 220mm初次灌注砼量應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按照要求計(jì)算首灌砼立方量，以其數(shù)量必須滿(mǎn)足充滿(mǎn)孔底，并埋管深度不少于0.8m。Initial perfusion concrete amount calculated in accordance with the requirements should be strictly cubic amount of initial concrete irrig31、ation and the Quantity must fully filled the bottom of the hole meanwhile the buried depth should not less than 0.8m導(dǎo)管埋深，保證2-4m，隨著砼面上升，隨時(shí)提撥和拆除導(dǎo)管，以使導(dǎo)管在砼中始終保持2-4m。且在首批砼的初凝時(shí)間前完成砼澆灌，如無(wú)法保證，可經(jīng)過(guò)試驗(yàn)給砼添加緩凝劑。為使砼密實(shí)，可利用吊機(jī)升降系統(tǒng)慢速振插導(dǎo)管。終灌時(shí)，按樁頂設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高正確掌握最后灌注的砼量，使實(shí)灌砼面高出設(shè)計(jì)頂面1D以上，以確保清除浮漿后樁頂砼的完整性。在水下砼灌注時(shí)，要勤測(cè)砼塌落度，按要求做好試塊，作為32、質(zhì)量控制及質(zhì)量評(píng)定的依據(jù)。Bury conduit in deep and make sure 2-4m,with the rising concrete surface,set aside at any time and removal of the catheter to make sure the catheter always keep in concrete 2- 4m .Besides,we need to finish perfusing the concrete Before the initial setting time of the first concrete and 33、if this can not be guaranteed , we can add retarder to the concrete through test . Crane lifting system can be used to make concrete dense slow vibration catheterization .we can use Crane lifting system the slow vibration inserted catheter to make sure concrete compaction. Design elevation of the to34、p of the pile when the final irrigation , proper understanding of the last perfusion concrete amount , the real irrigation concrete surface above the the design top surface 1D to ensure the integrity of the top of the pile of concrete to remove laitance . Perfusion of the underwater concrete to grou35、nd measured concrete slump , required to do the test block , as the basis for quality control and quality assessment.砼灌注過(guò)程中，為防止鋼筋籠上浮，應(yīng)采取如下措施，在孔口固定鋼筋籠上端；灌注時(shí)間盡量縮短，防止砼進(jìn)入鋼筋籠時(shí)流動(dòng)性變差，當(dāng)孔內(nèi)砼進(jìn)入鋼筋籠1-2小時(shí)，應(yīng)適當(dāng)提升導(dǎo)管，減少導(dǎo)管埋深，增大鋼筋籠在下層砼中的埋置深度。During Concrete casting process , in order to prevent steel cage floating we s36、hould take the following measures , fixing the upper end of the orifice reinforced cage ; making perfusion time as short as possible to prevent concrete to enter rebar cage which can cause flow variation , when the hole in the concrete into the rebar cage 1-2 hours , we should be appropriate to enha37、nce the catheters to reduce catheter burial depth and increasing the embedment depth of the reinforcement cage in the lower concrete灌注結(jié)束時(shí)，控制樁頂標(biāo)高，砼面應(yīng)超過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高1D以上，保障樁頭質(zhì)量。When perfusion was over , we must control the elevation of the top of the pile , the concrete surface should be more than the design e38、levation 1D to protect the pile head quality 鉆機(jī)移位：成孔施工完畢且驗(yàn)收合格后，移至下一樁位。另外當(dāng)樁距（中心距）小于5m時(shí)，后一根樁鉆孔必須在前一根樁砼灌注完成后24小時(shí)才能開(kāi)鉆。The rig shift : move to the next one bit after the construction is completed into the hole and acceptance . In addition , when the pile spacing ( center distance ) is less than 5m , the 39、next pile drilling must be the first 24 hours after a pile of concrete perfusion completed（m）雨季施工 Rainy season construction 露天使用的電氣設(shè)備，天關(guān)箱的防雨措施應(yīng)可靠，放置較高位置，電焊機(jī)等導(dǎo)電設(shè)備應(yīng)加保護(hù)罩。旋挖機(jī)雨期施工應(yīng)有防雷接地并定期檢查。Open use of electrical equipment , switch boxes , water-resistant measures should be reliable , placed a higher po40、sition.Welding machines and other conductive equipment should be added to the protective cover . Rotary Drilling Rig working during rain period should be lightning protection,grounding and check regularly電氣設(shè)備的接地保護(hù)就牢固可靠，漏電保護(hù)裝置動(dòng)作靈敏，操作人員應(yīng)使用絕緣工具。檢查有無(wú)地基塌陷情況，在旋挖鉆機(jī)行走時(shí)，務(wù)必避開(kāi)塌陷地段，桅桿還應(yīng)適當(dāng)向后傾斜一個(gè)安全角度。Ground prote41、ction of electrical equipment on a solid , reliable , sensitive action leakage protection device , the operator should use insulated tools and check for foundation collapse during rotary drilling rig walking then be sure to avoid the collapse of the lot , the mast also should be appropriate backward42、 tilt a safety point of view鉆機(jī)上下托板時(shí)，應(yīng)有防滑措施，避免側(cè)滑引起的安全事故。Rig up and down the pallet should be non-slip measures to prevent security incidents caused by the sliding水管、導(dǎo)管、泥漿管不用時(shí)，應(yīng)清理干凈，整好平放。When water pipes, ducts , mud tubes are not used, we should clean up the put them flat 施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)辦公區(qū)、生活區(qū)所用電器裝置應(yīng)安全、可靠。在雷電頻43、落區(qū)域，應(yīng)加裝防雷接地設(shè)施。Construction site office area, living area with electrical installations should be safe and reliable . Installation of lightning protection and grounding facilities in the lightning frequency off the area are very important 二、 砼配比設(shè)計(jì)要求 Concrete mix design requirements1 原材料及配合比 Raw mater44、ials and mixture ratio（1）水泥應(yīng)符合相關(guān)要求，采用免檢水泥并經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試，嚴(yán)禁使用快硬型水泥，水泥必須有出廠合格證，如果水泥出場(chǎng)日期超過(guò)三個(gè)月對(duì)水泥質(zhì)量有懷疑時(shí)應(yīng)視不同情況進(jìn)行復(fù)檢，復(fù)檢合格后方可使用。水泥在運(yùn)輸及堆放過(guò)程中應(yīng)有防雨防潮措施，不同品種、標(biāo)號(hào)、生產(chǎn)廠家的水泥嚴(yán)禁使用在同一根樁砼中并分別堆放。Cement should comply with the relevant requirements , inspection-free cement and tested , prohibited the use of rapid hardening cement , 45、the cement must have factory certification , cement exit date is more than three months then a suspect should be retested depending on the quality of the cement , complex inspection qualified before use . Cement transport and stacking process should be rain and moisture measures , different varietie46、s , label , cement manufacturers cannot use with a pile of concrete and stacked separately （2）石子的質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合相關(guān)要求，每批石料進(jìn)場(chǎng)應(yīng)有質(zhì)保單。碎石的粒徑采用5-40mm，5mm篩余量應(yīng)為90%-100%，40mm篩余量大于5%。石料堆場(chǎng)應(yīng)選干凈處，嚴(yán)禁混入沙土雜質(zhì)。The quality of the stones should comply with the relevant requirements of each batch the stone approach should warranty47、 single . Gravel particle size should be 5 -40mm the 5mm sieve margin should be 90 % -100 % and the 40mm sieve margin should be greater than 5 % . Clean stone yard to be elected at non- mixed sand impurities.（3）沙的質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合相關(guān)要求，選用級(jí)配合理、質(zhì)地堅(jiān)硬、顆粒干凈的中粗砂，砂進(jìn)場(chǎng)每批要有合格證，砂的模數(shù)控制在2.3-3.0之間，在儲(chǔ)運(yùn)堆放過(guò)程中防止混入雜物。Sand quality 48、should comply with the relevant requirements , selection of gradation, hard texture and clean particles of grit. sand approach each batch should have a certificate , the modulus of the sand control in is between 2.3-3.0 , stacked in the storage and transportation process to prevent mixed with debris49、2混凝土攪拌 Concrete mixing施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)砼攪拌站，由JS750型攪拌機(jī)、沙石堆場(chǎng)和水泥庫(kù)組成。砼攪拌時(shí)應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按配合比稱(chēng)重砂、石、外加劑。砼原材料投量允許偏差：水泥為2%；砂石土為3%；水、外加劑為2%。原材料投料時(shí)應(yīng)依次加入石、砂、水泥和外加劑，砼的攪拌時(shí)間不少于90S。砼攪拌過(guò)程中及時(shí)測(cè)試坍落度和制作試塊，拌好的砼應(yīng)及時(shí)澆筑，若出現(xiàn)離析現(xiàn)象應(yīng)重新攪拌，砼坍落度控制在18-22CM。Construction site set concrete mixing station , by the JS750 -type mixer, sand yard and cement silo 50、. Concrete mixing should be strict with the ratio of the weighing sand , stone , admixtures . Allowable deviation of concrete and amount of raw materials : cement 2 % ; the gravel soil 3% ; water , admixtures of 2 % . Raw material feeding should then added to the stone , sand , cement and admixtures51、 , concrete mixing time should not less than 90S . Test the Slump and production test block during concrete mixing process in a timely manner , the concrete should be marinated pouring segregation phenomenon should be re-mixed concrete slump control 18- 22CM3 砼澆筑 Concrete pouring按相關(guān)要求制作試塊，試塊為150150152、50MM，每根工程樁做一組試塊，清水養(yǎng)護(hù)28D后，送交測(cè)試，試塊脫模后及時(shí)放進(jìn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)砌置的水池內(nèi)養(yǎng)護(hù)。Test block, according to the relevant requirements of the production test block should be 150 150 150MM, each pile do a group of test block and clean water after 28 days of curing , sent to test into the scene in a timely manner after ejection of the53、 test block puzzle set within the conservation pool三、 工程質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及質(zhì)量保證措施 Engineering quality standards and quality assurance measures本工程施工及驗(yàn)收要求遵循相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定。The construction and acceptance requirements follow standard regulations .（一）工程質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Engineering quality standards1原材料和砼強(qiáng)度保證符合設(shè)計(jì)要求和相關(guān)的規(guī)定。Raw materials an54、d concrete strength to ensure compliance with design requirements and other relevant provisions .2成孔深度符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，孔底沉渣厚度小于10CM。Drilling depth can meet the design requirements ., sediment thickness of the bottom of the hole is less than 10CM3實(shí)際澆注量不小于計(jì)算體積。The actual pouring amount is not less than the calc55、ulated volume .4澆筑后的樁頂標(biāo)高及浮漿的處理符合設(shè)計(jì)要求和施工相關(guān)規(guī)定。The elevation of the top of the pile after pouring and floating pulp processing to meet the design requirements and construction of the relevant provisions （二）允許偏差項(xiàng)目 Tolerance variation project1成樁后的樁孔中心位置偏差，中間樁小于1/4D；邊樁不小于1/6D。Deviation into a pile after p56、ile hole center position , the middle of the pile is less than 1/4D; side pile is not less than 1/6D2鋼筋籠的制作：Reinforcement cage production :（鋼筋保護(hù)層：50mm）；Reinforced protective layer : 50mm主筋間距偏差：10mm；Main reinforcement spacing deviation : 10mm;箍筋間距偏差：20mm；Stirrup spacing deviation : 20mm;鋼筋籠直徑偏差：10mm；57、Reinforcement cage diameter deviation : 10mm;鋼筋籠總長(zhǎng)度偏差：100mm；The total length of the reinforcement cage deviation : 100mm;鋼筋搭接長(zhǎng)度：10d；Reinforced Lap length : 10d;焊縫寬度：0.7d；Weld width : 0.7d;焊接厚度：0.3d。Welding thickness : 0.3d.3.樁垂直度小于1%。Pile vertical degree is less than 1%.4.砼施工 Concrete Construction 砼58、強(qiáng)度等級(jí)大于設(shè)計(jì)砼強(qiáng)度等級(jí)；Concrete strength rating is higher than the design concrete strength rating ; 砼坍落度18-22cm 18-22cm concrete slump 主筋保護(hù)層厚度75mm；main reinforcement protection layer thickness 75mm;所使用的材料必須具有質(zhì)量保證書(shū)和檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)合格報(bào)告；The material used must have a quality assurance books and testing compliance report ;59、成樁砼質(zhì)量連續(xù)完整，無(wú)斷樁、縮徑、夾泥現(xiàn)象，澆筑砼密實(shí)度要好，樁頭砼無(wú)疏松現(xiàn)象。The quality of the concrete piling is continuous complete , no broken pile necking silted phenomenon , pouring concrete density is better , trailer coupling concrete without loose（三）質(zhì)量保證措施 Quality assurance measures1.管理措施 Management measures（1）公司的工程技術(shù)部直接對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的工60、程質(zhì)量進(jìn)行監(jiān)督和控制，直接掌握質(zhì)量動(dòng)態(tài)，指導(dǎo)全面質(zhì)量管理工作，展開(kāi)嚴(yán)格崗位責(zé)任制，對(duì)各工序、工種實(shí)行檢查監(jiān)督管理，行使質(zhì)量否決權(quán)。Companys engineering department directly supervise and control the quality of the project and to gain direct control over the quality of dynamic guidance of total quality management , expand the strict system of personal responsibility61、 to implement the inspection and supervision of the management of various processes , type of work , the exercise of the quality of the veto（2）對(duì)主要工序設(shè)置管理點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)格按工序質(zhì)量控制體系和工序控制點(diǎn)要求進(jìn)行運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。Setting management points to major process and we should be in strict accordance with the requirements of the process qual62、ity control system and process control point operation（3）實(shí)行三級(jí)質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收制度；每道工序組100%自檢；質(zhì)量100%檢驗(yàn)；工地技術(shù)負(fù)責(zé)30%抽查。The implementation of the three - tier system of quality inspection ; each process group 100% self-test ; quality 100% inspection ; site technology is responsible for 30% of spot checks（4）認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)施工日記。Fi63、ll in construction Diary .2技術(shù)措施Technical measures（1）樁軸線及樁位放樣，定位后要進(jìn)行復(fù)測(cè)，定位精度誤差不超過(guò)5mm。埋設(shè)護(hù)筒時(shí)由測(cè)量人員到場(chǎng)，用儀器校正中心后方能固定護(hù)筒，保證護(hù)筒的垂直度。Loft pile axis and piles bit , to retest after positioning , the positioning accuracy error of should not more than 5 mm . when bury the casings,the surveyor should at the scene, w64、e should fix the casings with the center of instrument calibration, to ensure the verticality of the casings （2）鉆機(jī)定位，旋挖鉆機(jī)桅桿必須垂直，不合要求隨時(shí)糾正。Rig positioning , rotary drilling rig mast must be vertical,if not,we should correct at any time.（3）孔底沉渣檢測(cè)小于30cmThe hole bottom sediment detect is less than 30cm（465、）確保鋼筋籠的垂直度Ensure the verticality of the reinforcement cage（5）砼攪拌時(shí)砂石料經(jīng)過(guò)磅稱(chēng)稱(chēng)重，誤差不超過(guò)3%，嚴(yán)格控制水灰比。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)砂石料的含水率情況調(diào)整加水量。每根樁做1-2次坍落度試驗(yàn)。Aggregate concrete mixing after weighing scales, weighing error should less than 3% , and we should be strict control of the water-cement ratio . Adjust the amount of water acc66、ording to the site aggregate moisture content and each pile we should have 1-2 slump test （6）根據(jù)地層特點(diǎn)及時(shí)調(diào)整泥漿性能，防止鉆孔擴(kuò)徑、縮徑和坍塌，控制好砂層土的泥漿相對(duì)密度，確保孔壁穩(wěn)定。Timely adjustment mud performance according to the formation characteristics in order to prevent drilling flaring , necking and collapse , and good control of67、 the sand layer soil slurry relative density to ensure the stability of the hole wall四、 施工總體計(jì)劃 Construction master plan（一）施工總體計(jì)劃 Construction master plan本工程施工合同約定： 180 天。根據(jù)工期要求。樁基設(shè)計(jì)及場(chǎng)地等條件，計(jì)劃進(jìn)旋挖鉆機(jī)一臺(tái)及其配套設(shè)備。The construction contract : 180 days. According to the schedule requirements . Pile foundation d68、esign and site conditions , we plan to purchase a rotary drilling rig and its ancillary equipment 施工中采用隔樁跳打（保證相鄰樁距大于4倍樁徑），鉆孔、砼澆筑分開(kāi)作業(yè)的方式進(jìn)行施工。同時(shí)根據(jù)生產(chǎn)進(jìn)程及時(shí)優(yōu)化，提高施工效率。We take the skip drilling during construction ( to ensure adjacent pile spacing is greater than four times the pile diameter ) , drilling,co69、ncrete pouring operations separately for construction . Simultaneously we optimized according to the production process in a timely manner to improve the efficiency of construction （二）施工進(jìn)度計(jì)劃 Construction schedule根據(jù)以往施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化成果，施工750工程樁用時(shí)情況分析如下：According to the construction experience and network op70、timization based on past achievement ,Constructiing the 750 project pile time use,refer to the following analysis:鉆機(jī)移位、就位及開(kāi)鉆準(zhǔn)備；The rig shift , in place and prepare drilling 鉆進(jìn)成孔；Drilling into a hole吊放鋼筋籠、導(dǎo)管；Dipping reinforcement cage and catheter ;水下砼澆筑；Underwater concrete pouring根據(jù)以上分析，一臺(tái)旋挖轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)每天（8h）71、可成孔 2 個(gè)，砼澆筑成樁 2 個(gè)。 Based on the above analysis , a rotary rig work every day (8h) can dig 2 holes and two concrete pouring into piles八 主要設(shè)備，工具配置 Major equipment , configuration tools根據(jù)土層特點(diǎn)，樁徑以及樁長(zhǎng)情況，選用8R-30旋挖轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，制漿設(shè)備，泥漿泵。Based on soil characteristics , pile diameter and pile length ,we choose 8R-30 ro72、tary drilling rig , pulping equipment , mud pump主要設(shè)備工具表如下Main equipment tools table as following 序號(hào)serial number 名稱(chēng)Name 型號(hào)Model 數(shù)量Quantity 價(jià)值（萬(wàn)元）Value 備注Note 1旋挖鉆機(jī) Rotary drilling rig 12泥漿泵 Mud pump 23制漿機(jī) Pulper 14砼攪拌機(jī) Concrete mixer 15液壓汽車(chē)吊Hydraulic truck crane26翻斗車(chē) Dumpers 57電焊機(jī) Welding machine 38挖掘機(jī) Excavator 19裝載機(jī)Loaders 110排污泵Sewage pump211泥漿比重計(jì)Mud hydrometer212水準(zhǔn)儀Level113全站儀 Total station 114鉆斗Drilling bucket115導(dǎo)管 Catheter/ conduit 116導(dǎo)管操作平臺(tái)117上料斗 Hopper118發(fā)電機(jī)組 Generator sets 219清水泵Clean Water Pump220砼試模等 Concrete tryout12