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1、電纜溝開挖施工方案Work Method of Cable Trench Excavation 編 制：Compiled by: 審 核：Reviewed by:2009年10月21日October 21, 2009目 錄Content一. 概況 OVERVIEW31.1 工程概況 PROJECT OVERVIEW31.2 施工范圍 SCOPE OF WORK3二編制依據 COMPILATION BASIS4三 施工工藝流程CONSTRUCTION PROCESS:4四. 前期準備PREPARATIONS44.1 技術準備TECHNICAL PREPARATION44.2 材料準備MATERI2、AL PREPARATION54.3 主要機具準備MAIN EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION54.4 作業環境準備OPERATING ENVIRONMENT PREPARATIONS5五. 電纜溝施工CABLE TRENCH CONSTRUCTION55.1 電纜溝測量、定位CABLE TRENCH MEASUREMENT AND POSITIONING55.2 電纜溝開挖CABLE TRENCH EXCAVATION6六. 質量控制QUALITY CONTROL76.1 電纜溝外形尺寸允許偏差表ALLOWABLE DEVIATED EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF C3、ABLE TRENCH TABLE76.2 應注意的質量問題QUALITY ISSUES8七. 成品保護FINISHED PROTECTION8八. 施工記錄CONSTRUCTION OF RECORD8九. 安全生產、文明施工要求和措施SAFETY AND CIVILIZED CONSTRUCTION REQUESTS AND MEASURES9附廠區電纜溝圖： ATTACHED: CABLE TRENCH DRAWING9一. 概況 Overview1.1 工程概況 Project Overview項目名稱：本工程涉及三個變電站，分別是現有的220/35kV A472變電站、現有的35/14、0kV B301S變電站以及新建的35/10kV C581變電站，工作內容為三個變電站之間和從三個變電站接至MV用戶的電力電纜、控制電纜、接地電纜敷設所需電纜溝的開挖工程。The project involves three substations, namely the existing 220/35kV A472 substation, the existing 35/10kV B301S the 35/10kV C581 substation and a new substation. This is the power, control and grounding cable tren5、ch excavation project among three substations and for MV users connected to the three substations. 1.2 施工范圍 Scope of Work1) 由A472變電站引出3路35kV出線。其中：一路引至B301S建筑（35/10kV變電站）原1#主變，原1#主變電纜將抽出，與新增4#主變連接；另兩路引至35/10kV C581變電站1#主變和2#主變。回路采用FS-YJY-26/35kV-1*300mm2單芯電纜，直埋敷設。去C581的兩路35kV線路，敷設時沿不同路徑，以避免兩回線路同時受損。P6、ull three 35V outgoings from A472 substation. Of which: The first outgoing is led to B301S Building (35/10kV substation) the original one # main transformer, pull the original one # main transformer cable out, and connect to the adding 4 # main transformer; the other two outgoings are led to 35/10kV7、 C581 # 1 and substation 2 # main transformer. Use FS-YJY-26/35kV-1 * 300mm2 single-core cables for Loop and buried pulling. Two 35kV lines to C581 are laid along different paths to avoid damage of the two loops.2) 由B301S變電站引出7路10kV出線。全部引至B399中心制冷站。回路采用10kV截面為95mm2的三芯鎧裝電纜，由B301S南面現有的電纜井引出直埋至裝置。Pull 8、7 10kV outgoings from B301S substation to B399central refrigeration station. Loop uses 10kV three-core armored cable with cross-section 95mm2 and pull out from the existing cable well in the south of B301S then buried lay to the device. 3) 由C581引出10路10kV線路，分別為A507的四臺變壓器，B551的兩臺變壓器，B553TDA裝置氫氣壓縮機2臺，C9、521鹽酸裝置氯氣壓縮機1臺，鹽酸壓縮機1臺提供電源。其中，變壓器回路采用10kV截面為185mm2的三芯鎧裝電纜，馬達回路采用10kV截面為95mm2的三芯鎧裝電纜。以上電纜線路均沿規劃路徑埋地敷設。10 10kV lines led from C581 are used to supply power to A507s four transformers, B551 two transformers, B553TDA 2 sets of hydrogen compressor unit, C521 hydrochloric acid chlorine gas compressor unit10、, and hydrochloric acid compressor unit respectively. Among them, transformer circuit uses x 3-core armored cable with 10kV cross-section 185mm2, motor circuit uses three-core armored cable with 10kV cross-section 95mm2. All cable lines will be laid underground along the planning path.4) 接地電纜回路：Grou11、nd cable loop: 從A472敷設一根95mm2裸銅線去C581，同時從C581敷設四根95mm2裸銅線，分別引至B551、A507、B553和C521，作等電位聯結。以上電纜線路均沿規劃路徑埋地敷設。Lay a 95mm2 bare copper wire to C581 from A472. Meanwhile lay four bare copper wires to B551, A507, B553 and C521 for equipotential bonding. All cable lines will be laid underground along the pl12、anning path.5）本工程電纜溝走向如下：The cable trench directions are as follows:電纜溝南線為A472至C581，全長約850米，根據K-K斷面圖：開挖深度為1米，溝槽底寬0.6米，溝槽面寬約1.1米。 Cable trench south line is from A472 to C581 about 850 meters long. According to KK sectional drawing, excavation depth is of 1 meter with trench bottom width 0.6 m and fa13、ce width1.1 m.電纜溝北線為A472至C581和B301，其中共線約220米，根據A-A斷面圖有：開挖深度為1米，溝槽底寬1米，溝槽面寬約1.5米；Cable trench north line is from A472 to C581 and B301 and the collinear is about 220 meters. According to AA sectional drawing, excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.5 m.至C581支線約14、430米，根據E-E斷面圖有：開挖深度為1米，溝槽底寬0.6米，溝槽面寬約1.1米；至B301支線約300米，根據B-B斷面圖有：開挖深度為1米，溝槽底寬0.6米，溝槽面寬約1.1米。The sub-line the C581 is about 430 meters. According to EE sectional drawing excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.1 m. The sub-line to B301the is about 300 meters. A15、ccording to BB sectional drawing , excavation depth is 1 meter trench with trench bottom width 1 m and face width1.1 m.二編制依據 Compilation Basis1）根據電氣包（中壓部分）招標文件及招標圖紙編制而成。According to Electric package (MV) the tender and tender drawings.2）在充分研究工程的客觀情況和施工特點，結合我公司類似工程施工經驗的基礎上編制的。Based on full study on c16、onstruction characteristics and objective situation and combined with similar construction experience.3）在本方案編制過程中，嚴格執行國家現行建筑和安裝工程施工及驗收規范、規程、標準、設計規范。具體如下：In this compilation process, strictly implement current national construction and installation construction, acceptance norms, procedures, standard17、s, and design specifications. As follows:電氣裝置安裝工程電纜線路施工及驗收規范 GB50168-2006 Electrical installation cable construction and acceptance standards GB50168-2006 電氣裝置安裝工程接地裝置施工及驗收規范 GB50169-2006 Electrical installation earthing construction and acceptance standard GB50169-2006 建筑電氣工程施工質量驗收規范 GB503032002 Bu18、ilding Electrical Construction Quality Acceptance GB50303-2002三 施工工藝流程：Construction Process:前期準備電纜溝測量、定位確定開挖順序沿灰線切出槽邊輪廓線分層開挖修整槽邊清底preparation cable trench measurements excavation ordercutting contour line along the calcareousness stratified excavation finishing cable trench edgeclear up四. 前期準備Prepar19、ations4.1 技術準備technical preparation1） 針對本工程特點編審詳細的電纜溝施工作業指導書，及時組織圖紙會審。Compile particular cable trench construction engineering guide book as per project characteristics and organize promptly drawings joint examination.2) 根據上海市電力建設工程施工工藝實施細則結合本工程實際編寫電纜溝施工工藝卡，并組織實施。Compile construction technique cards20、 according to the Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Construction Engineering Construction Technology Implementation Details and organize its implementation.3) 施工人員全面了解電纜敷設來路、終點及敷設路徑。Construction workers have comprehensive understanding antecedents, destination, and laying path of laying cables. 4.2 21、材料準備Material preparation根據材料計劃采購所有的材料。所有材料規格型號及電壓等級應符合設計要求，并有產品合格證。Purchase materials as per the plan. All materials specification models and the voltage level should meet the design requirements and have product certificates.4.3 主要機具準備Main equipments preparation尖、平頭鐵鍬、手錘、手推車、梯子、鐵鎬、撬棍、鋼尺、坡度尺、小線或20鉛絲22、等。Sharp, flat head shovel, hand hammers, wheelbarrows, ladders, picks, crowbars, steel ruler, slope-foot, small lead wire or 20 #lead wire and so on.4.4 作業環境準備operating environment preparations1）土方開挖前，應根據施工方案的要求，將施工區域內的地上、地下障礙物清除和處理完畢。Prior to earth excavation, clear up obstructions on the ground or23、 underground as per construction plan.2）建筑物或構筑物的位置或場地的定位控制線（樁）、標準水平樁及基槽的灰線尺寸，必須經過檢驗合格，并辦完預檢手續。The location building or structure and the calcareousness of site positioning control lines (piles), standard level pile and the groove base size must be tested qualified, and finished pre-screening procedu24、res.3）場地要清理平整，做好排水坡度，在施工區域內，要挖臨時性排水溝。Clean up the site and make drainage slope. Excavate temporary drains in the construction area.4）夜間施工時，應合理安排工序，防止錯挖或超挖。施工場地應根據需要安裝照明設施，在危險地段應設置明顯標志。Arrange night construction procedures properly to prevent wrong dig or super-dug. Install the lighting facilities as25、 needed and set signs in a dangerous location.5）開挖低于地下水位的基坑（槽）時，應根據工程地質資料，采取措施降低地下水位，一般要降至低于開挖底面的05m，然后再開挖。Excavate base pit (groove) below the groundwater level should low groundwater level based on engineering geological data to be lower than 0.5m of the underside, and then excavate. 五. 電纜溝施工Cable26、 Trench Construction 5.1 電纜溝測量、定位cable trench measurement and positioning1）根據出線電纜布局和電纜溝開挖現場地形條件確定出電纜溝具體走向。 Determine the specific direction of cable trench of outgoing according to layout and excavation terrain conditions.2) 電纜溝線路測量包括定線測量、水準測量和直接丈量。The cable trench line measurements include alignmen27、t, leveling and direct measurement. 定線測量要測定線路的中心線和轉角，并應測量溝槽與相鄰的永久性建筑物的位置關系，必要時應在地面上設立標志。Alignment measurement needs to determine the centerline and corners, and measure grooves and adjacent permanent building location relations. If necessary, set up ground signs. 在進行溝槽水準測量時,應沿線設臨時水準點,臨時水準點標高值由控制水準點引28、測。 Conduct leveling should set temporary standard points, whose elevation is cited by the control measure. 5.2 電纜溝開挖Cable Trench Excavation1) 開挖路線確定后，需要由管理公司和業主確認，盡量避免開挖路線下有管線。如確有管線，則盡量選擇管線較少區域開挖。The management company and the owner need to confirm excavation line. Try to avoid pipeline route diggin29、g and choose less pipeline area on excavating. 2) 開挖前要認真調查了解地上地下障礙物，以便開挖時采取妥善加固保護措施。根據建設方提供的現況地下管線圖，進行現場調查探摸，在每個開挖路線上，每隔30m進行人工開挖試空井，明確整個斷面有無其它管線，及其管線分布情況，采取有效措施加以保護。 Investigate obstructions above and below ground before excavation to take appropriate reinforcement measures. According to the underg30、round pipeline drawings provided by the owner, make site investigations. At intervals of 30m on each route excavate wells manually to check whether the entire cross-section has other pipelines and its distribution to take effective protection measures. 3） 根據基礎和土質、現場出土等條件要合理確定開挖順序。Determine excavatio31、n order rationally according to the foundation, on-site soil quality and other conditions etc.4） 開挖時，應先沿灰線直邊切出槽邊的輪廓線，然后再分段分層平均下挖。Cut out the contour line along the calcareousness, and then excavate with sub-layer and subsection.一般粘性土可自上而下分層開挖，每層深度以60cm為宜，從開挖端部逆向倒退按踏步型挖掘。Generally clay can be excavat32、ed from top to bottom by layer with the appropriate depth 60cm. backward excavate from the end by stepping type.碎石類土先用鎬翻松，正向挖掘，每層深度，視翻土厚度而定，每層應清底和出土，然后逐步挖掘。Gravel type soil first use pick to loose, then forward excavate with each layer depth depended on the thickness of digging soil. Clear the botto33、m and dig out the earth by layer and then excavate gradually. 5) 在開挖槽邊棄土時，應保證邊坡和直立幫的穩定。當土質良好時，拋于槽邊的土方（或材料），應距槽（溝）邊緣08m以外，高度不宜超過1m。開挖基坑（槽）的土方，在場地有條件堆放時，留足回填需用的好土，多余的土方運出，避免二次搬運。Excavate side earth should ensure the stability of the slope and upright. When the soil is fine, throw earth on the groove s34、ide (or material) 0.8m away from the pit (groove) edge with height more than 1m. Stack backfill soil if it has conditions and move the excess earth out to avoid secondary handling.6） 土方開挖部分采用人工開挖為主，部分區域在保證人員，設備安全，不損壞現有管線的基礎上采用機械開挖，槽底預留20cm由人工清底。開挖過程中嚴禁超挖，以防擾動地基。對于有地下障礙物（管、纜）的地段由人工開挖，嚴禁破壞。具體如下： Mainl35、y take manual excavation and ensure personnel and equipment safety on some parts. Take mechanical excavation on the basis of not damaging the existing pipeline and set aside 20cm at the bottom for clearing by hand. Ultra-excavation is strictly prohibited to prevent ground disturbance. For undergroun36、d obstacles (pipes, cables) parts excavate manually. As follows:機械與人工相結合開挖路線（A472至C581南線與北線）Mechanical and manual excavation line (A472 to C581 South Line and North Line)機械開挖整個過程都有人員跟隨進行指揮，在確認的機械開挖路線上進行開挖工作，機械開挖深度不得很深，首次開挖控制在300mm左右，再100mm每次挖下去，避免破壞地下管線，如有管線，立即進行人工開挖。Mechanical excavation should be 37、under command and follow the confirmed line. Do not mechanically excavate too deep but first by 300mm and then 100mm each to avoid destructing pipelines. If there are pipelines, immediately take manual excavation.C581南線開挖到臨時道路，通過其它承包商倉庫的時候先不開挖斷，等電纜溝開挖到最后的時候再回頭開挖這部分，開挖后并在這些地段鋪上木方。When C581 South Line38、 temporary road through the warehouse of other contractor, dig down and cover with wooden poles until all cable trench is excavated to the final parts.人工開挖路線（A472至B301S支線）Manual excavation line (A472 to B301S Branch)在人工開挖路線上，安排人員進行開挖，不得機械開挖。開挖過程中需要小心謹慎，注意地下管線。Arrange personnel on manual excavation l39、ine rather than taking mechanical excavation. Pay attention to underground pipelines.7）土方開挖一般不宜在雨季進行，否則工作面不宜過大，應分段逐片的分期完成。The earth excavation in general should not be carried out during the rainy season, or working face should not be too great and should be completed in section.雨期開挖基坑（槽）時，應注意邊坡穩定，必40、要時可適當放緩邊坡或設置支撐。同時應在坑（槽）外側圍以土堤或開挖水溝，防止地面水流入。施工時應加強對邊坡、支撐、土堤等的檢查。On pluvial days excavate pit (groove), pay attention to slope stability. If necessary, low slope or set up support. Meanwhile enclose embankment around the pit (groove) or did a ditch to prevent surface water inflow. Strengthen on checki41、ng the slope, support, embankment etc.8）土方開挖不宜在冬期施工。如必須在冬期施工時，其施工方法應按冬施方案進行。Earth excavation should not be done in the winter period. If necessary, take winter program.采用防止凍結法開挖土方時，可在凍結前用保溫材料覆蓋或將表層土翻耕耙松，其翻耕深度應根據當地氣候條件確定，一般不小于03m。On prevent-freezing earthwork excavation method, cover insulation mater42、ial before freezing or loosen topsoil with tillage depth determined by local climatic conditions, generally not less than 0.3m.開挖電纜溝時，必須防止溝底基土遭受凍結，如溝槽開挖完畢至埋設電纜之間，有較長的停歇時間，應在基底標高以上預留適當厚度的松土，或用其他保溫材料覆蓋Prevent the groove base soil be frozen, such as the interval between trench excavation and cable layi43、ng reserve loose soil with appropriate thickness above basement elevation or cover with other thermal insulation material.9） 開槽后及時約請各有關人員驗槽，驗槽合格后方可進行下道工序。Invite related personnel to check the excavated trench and carry out the next working procedure after passing the examination.六. 質量控制Quality Contr44、ol6.1 電纜溝外形尺寸允許偏差表Allowable deviated external dimensions of cable trench table允許偏差項目allowable deviationitem 電纜溝外形尺寸允許偏差allowable deviated external dimensions of cable trench table序號s/no項目items允許偏差（mm）allowable deviation檢驗方法test method1標高elevation0mm，50mm用水準儀檢查water level check2長度、寬度length, width0mm由45、設計中心向兩邊量、拉線和尺量檢查design center measure and pull line on both sides and ruler inspection3邊坡偏陡steep side slope不允許not allowed坡度尺檢查gradient ruler inspection6.2 應注意的質量問題Quality issues1） 溝底超挖：開挖電纜溝不得超過溝底標高，如個別地方超挖時，其處理方法應取得設計單位的同意。Ultra excavation: cable trench excavation shall not exceed the bottom elevat46、ion. If ultra-dig in some places, obtain the consent of design units.4）施工順序不合理：土方開挖宜先從低處開挖，分層分段依次進行，形成一定坡度，以利排水。The construction sequence is unreasonable: earth excavation should begin from the lower place, layer by layer and section by section in turn; form a certain slope to facilitate drainage.5）47、開挖尺寸不足：電纜溝底部的開挖寬度，應根據施工需要增加工作面寬度。The excavation size is not enough: Cable trench bottom width should be increased as per construction needs.6）電纜溝邊坡不直不平、基底不平：應加強檢查，隨挖隨修，并要認真驗收。Slope is not straight and base is uneven: strengthen inspection, repair cable trench, and then accept seriously.七. 成品保護Finish48、ed Protection1) 對定位標準樁、軸線引樁、標準水準點等，挖運土時不得碰撞。并應經常測量和校核其平面位置、水平標高和邊坡坡度是否符合設計要求。定位標準樁和標準水準點應定期復測和檢查是否正確。Do not collide targeting criteria piles, axis cited pile, and standard level points, etc. on moving earth. Regularly measure and check whether the plane location, elevation and slope gradient are in 49、compliance with design requirements. Re-measure and inspect targeting criteria piles and standard level points.2) 土方開挖時，應防止鄰近已有建筑物或構筑物、道路、管線等發生下沉和變形。必要時應與設計單位或建設單位協商采取防護措施，并在施工中進行沉降或位移觀測。Note subsidence and deformation of neighboring existing buildings or structures, roads, pipelines etc. Take prote50、ctive measures with design and construction unit and construct observation on settlement or displacement. 3) 在敷設有地上或地下管線、電纜的地段進行土方施工時，應事先取得有關管理部門的書面同意，施工中應采取措施，以防止損壞管線，造成嚴重事故Conduct earthwork on the area needs to lay ground or underground pipelines, cables prior to getting written consent of the rel51、evant administrative departments. On construction take measures to prevent damaging pipelines and cause serious accidents.八. 施工記錄Construction of Record1) 自互檢記錄。 Self and mutual inspection records 2） 電纜工程分項質量檢驗評定記錄。Cable engineering sub-item quality inspection and evaluation records3） 分項工程驗收記錄。Sub-pr52、oject acceptance records九. 安全生產、文明施工要求和措施Safety and Civilized Construction Requests and Measures 1） 開工前應做好施工場地內的道路，開辟適當的工作面，做好檢查和必要的加寬、加固工作，以利安全施工。Build site roads and appropriate work area. Widen and strengthen order to facilitate safe construction.2） 電纜溝開挖工程應注意邊坡和基坑的穩定性，一般應按先深后淺的順序施工，并應采取必要的保護措施。N53、ote the stability of the slope and base, generally construct from deep to shallow and take necessary protective measures.3） 電纜溝開挖后應及時敷設電纜，不得長期暴露。電纜敷設完畢，應抓緊回填工作。回填時，必須事先清除溝不符合回填要求的雜物，在相對的兩側同時均勻進行，并且分層夯實。Lay cables then backfill after excavation without long-term exposure. Clear debris in advance and 54、backfill uniformly on both sides and compact4） 夜間施工時，應合理安排施工項目，防止挖方超挖超深。施工現場應根據需要設置足夠的照明設施，在危險地段應設置紅燈警示。Rationally arrange night construction projects and prevent the ultra excavation. The construction set up adequate lighting facilities and red light warning on dangerous lines.5） 土方開挖前，應會同有關單位對附近以有55、的建筑物、構筑物、道路等管線進行檢查和鑒定，并在整個施工期間，加強監測，發現問題應與設計或建設單位協商采取防護措施，并及時處理。Inspect and appraise nearby buildings, structures, roads, pipelines with relevant units. Strengthen monitoring and consult with the design or the construction unit to take protective measures and timely process issues found.6） 電纜溝四周設置的防56、護欄桿應符合安全規定。Around cable trench set protective railings as per safety requirements.7） 不宜在雨季施工，并事先作好地面和地下排水設施。Avoid rainy season construction, and pre-prepare the ground and underground drainage facilities.8） 電纜溝的開挖或回填應連續進行，盡快完成。施工中應防止地面水流入溝內，以免邊坡塌方或基土遭到破壞。Cable trench excavation or backfilling shall 57、be continuous and speedy. Prevent water going into the trench to cause slope or damage the base.9） 雨季施工或電纜溝挖好后不能及時進行下一道工序時，可在基底標高以上留150300MM一層不挖，待下一工序開始時再挖除。Do not do the next process when finish the excavation or on raining season, but leave 150300MM base elevation until the next process.10）開工前準備好安58、全設施，現場安排充足的管理人員，做到隨時有人巡檢；機械作業必須有人守護，防止事故發生；進場的工人必須進行安全教育培訓，挖土前必須進行技術交底并簽字，同時與工人簽定安全用工合同。Prepare safety facilities and adequate management personnel to do some inspection at any time; machine operations must be guarded to prevent accidents; conduct safety education and training and technical clarification; sign safety employment contracts with workers.附廠區電纜溝圖： Attached: cable trench drawing