午啪啪夜福利无码亚洲,亚洲欧美suv精品,欧洲尺码日本尺码专线美国,老狼影院成年女人大片

1、ConstructionoftheProjectManagementoftheimportanceoforganizationdesignAbstract:Theconstructionorganizationisaconstructionprojectandguidetheimportant technicalandeconomicdocuments.Canregulatetheconstructionworkers,machinery,rawmaterials,environment,technology,equipment,construction,installation,manage2、ment,productionandotherconflicts,tosupervisetheconstructionandcontroloforganizationaldesigninordertoensurescientificandrationalprojecthigh-quality,lowcost,lessthecompletionofenergy.Keywords:projectmanagement;constructionorganization;design;importanceConstructiondesignandprojectconstructionisanimport3、antdocumentguidingconstruction,constructionenterprisesareabletohigh-quality,highspeed,lowcost,lowconsumptionofcompletedbuildingprojectstoensureeffectivemeasures,butalsostrengthenthemanagement,theimportanceofimprovingeconomicefficiencymeans,isalsoproperlyhandletheconstructionworkers,machinery,rawmate4、rials,methods,environmentandtechnologyandequipment,civilworksandinstallationofcollaboration,consumptionandsupply,managementandproductionandotherkindsofcontradictions,scientificandrational,plannedandorderly,theequilibriumorganizationofproductionandanimportantguaranteeforprojectconstruction.Withtheest5、ablishmentofsocialistmarketeconomy,anincreasinglycompetitiveconstructionmarket,theobjectivesituationofconstructionenterpriseshavebecomeincreasinglydemanding,notonlyintechnologyandequipment,personnelquality,theconstructionputforwardhigherrequirementsoftheorganizers,andengineeringeconomicmanagementPre6、-settlementworkintheprojectisalsofacingnewchallenges.Strictconstructionmarketsituation,someconstructioncompaniesarenotactivelytakenmeasures,professionalandtechnicalstaffisnotupdated,training,scienceandtechnologymanagementlevelisverybackward,withthepreparationofconstructiondesignreviewdidnotattracten7、oughattention,sotherewillbethefollowingcommonsituations:(1)auditisnotcompiledbeforethestartofconstructionorganizationdesign:nottopursuetheconstructionoffloorplans,materials,cluttered,movingoutofimportofmachineryandequipment,unplanneddemandforlabor,quality,security,constructionwithoutassurancemeasure8、s,resultinginnestWorkersseriouswastemanagementlower.(2)whetheritisthepreparationofconstructiondesignprofessionals:Inordertocopewiththehigherauthoritiesandsupervisoryagencies,PartymemberorchecktheinformationtotheconstructionworkersonbehalfoftheCodeconstructiondesign,becausethedatasimplydonotknowright9、nowwhoisaleadingconstructionmanagementrecentarrangements,hadcasuallymadeup,justgo.(3)thepreparationofthelowlevelofconstructionorganizationdesign:Someconstructionunits,constructionorganizationsdonotunderstandtheimportanceoftheconstructionprocess,towriteaboutthesub-constructionprocess,drawafloorplan,s10、cheduleprogress,itregardedconstructionorganizationdesign.(4)toabandontechnologyeconomy:aconsiderablenumberofconstructionenterprisesinthepreparationofconstructionorganizationdesign,constructionorganizationwhichonlyconcernedthevarioussub-projectofthetechnicalmeasures,withoutconsideringthesub-projectas11、pectsofeconomicindicators,leadingtothecompletionofsettlementdisputesabouteconomicloss.Example1inadistrictofNanningCity,thelifeofadormitorybuildingtobeaformofwaterrenovationproject,butbecausethedormitorywasbuiltintheeighties,hasbeentwentyyears,theownersbetweenbuildingswithoutauthorizationoftheirownde12、brisoccupiedthepublicspaceofnormalchannels,resultingintoonarrowpassagebetweentwobuildings,trafficproblems,sotheresultingneedformanualhandlingofconstructionmaterialstoconstructionsites,constructionmaterialsarestatednottoenterthevenueandrequestforadditionalmaterialssecondarytransportationfee,PartyAwil13、lnotsignrecognition,resultingineconomiclosses.Iftheconstructionunitsinthefieldbeforethestartoftheinvestigation,carefullyreviewthepreparationofconstructiondesignandengineeringcontractbedescribedinthenotes,youcanreduceunnecessarytrouble.Example2ofaresidentialbuildingprojectexcavation,constructionsitei14、snotlarge,theconstructionunitconstructionwithconstructiondesign,butnoearthsurveyprogram,noexcavationoftheslopecoefficientofdischarge,northeaccumulationofpre-constructionearthworkcalculation,theoriginalmachineinthepitexcavationuppercutonit,becausethereisnoconstructiondesignsurveyontheground,resulting15、inrupturedanearbyresidentialbuildingtothewater,resultinginincreasedcostsofgradingrequiredtoshowthereisnoclear,resultinginaJixietaibanincreasemovingawaymore,butalsobackwhenthebackfillbackfill,resultinginconstructionenterprisesintheeconomybytheeconomiclossinvain.Example3Constructionofaresidentialbuild16、ingproductsbusinessintheconstructionprocess,whenpreparingtostartconstructionorganizationisverysimple,eventhetemplatesub-projectcalculationsarenot,inthebasementoftheconstructionoftheinstallationtemplatetemplateinstallationheightof5m,maximumbeamforthe6001200,thickness250,intheerectionofexperiencebythe17、workersundertheirerection,supervisionandacceptancecannotbeacceptanceoftheresults,butalsore-checking,theresultssupportthestrengthofpoledidnotmeetthetemplaterequirementsofafullreturntowork.Reworktheeconomiclossescanbeimagined.Suchassteelisnowmorefittingtodiscussthesituation,thetenderlistordidnotsaybyw18、eldingsleeve,yousaidintheweldingconstructionorganization,itcantalkwiththesleeveconstructionofavisa;EarthworkandtemporaryfacilitiesintheShihgroupcalculatedaslongastheexcessofthequotarulessetpavedthewayispartoftheclaim.Theproblemisnowthatthisfileisisolated,notconstruction,notcost,becauseitisnottargete19、d.Theabovethreeexamplesfullyshowthattheconstructiondesignintheconstructionprocessaswellaspre-settlementprojectplaysanimportantrole,notonlyorganizedtheconstructionoforganizationaldesign,guidingproductionroleintheobjectiveeconomicmanagementhasbecomeaveryimportantcannotbeignoredcomponent.Constructionde20、signisthearrangementofaconstructioncompanybuildingacomprehensivetechnicalandeconomicdocumentationofconstructionproducts.Thedepthofthecontentoftheirpreparation,canbedividedintoconstructiondesign,constructionorganizationdesign,constructiondesignoutlineandsoon.Meaning:inordertoprocesstheentireprojectim21、plementationmacro-control.Completetheconstructionofasub-organizationdesignshouldinclude:projectoverview,constructionmethods,qualityassurancemeasures,manpowerandmachineryplanandguaranteemeasures,constructionofnetworkdiagrams,andbarcharts,safetymeasures,detailsofresources,energyconservationmeasures,co22、nstructionperiodtoensuremeasures.Implementationoftheprojectintheconstructionofthesession,thepriceofconstructionprojectsthroughtheconstructiondrawingstodeterminethegeneralpreparationofthebudget,thedeterminationoftheconstructioncontractprice,engineeringandprojectfinalsettlementpricetodeterminepriceand23、otherprocesses.Constructiondesignofwhichisthemainfactoroftheprojectcost,therefore,projectcostmanagement,constructiondesignmustpaycloseattentionasanimportantlinkinthisregardshouldaddressthefollowingtwoaspectsoftherelations.Fixedconstructionbudgettoreflecttheactualconstructionofeachsub-partoftheconstr24、uctionprocessofeachprojectcomponentoflabor,materials,Jixietaibanconsumptionstandards.Itistoidentifyandcontroltheconstructionandinstallationcostbase;istodesigntechnicalandeconomiccomparison,basedontechnicalandeconomicanalysis;istheconstructionunitbasedontheanalysisofeconomicactivities;thepreparationo25、fbiddingprice,biddingpriceofthebase;isthepreparationofthefixedbudgetandestimatesbasedonindicators;isconstructiondrawingbudget,projectcontracts,projectbudgetandprojectanimportantbasisforfinalprices,butthebudgetisfixedundernormalconstructionconditions,themajorityoftheconstructionunittothecurrentlevelo26、fmachineryandequipment,thereasonableconstructionperiod,constructiontechnology,labororganizationsbasedoneachsub-partofthepreparationoftheconsumptionoftheproject.However,constructionoftheprojecttherearemanyspecialcasesinwhichsub-partoftheprojectconstructionmethodisnotnecessarilythesameunderafixedbudge27、t,ascurrentlystipulatedinthebudgetscale,basedonconstructiondesignOKandsoon.SuchasconsumptionoffixedconstructionGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion,theearthandstoneworkonthemanualcalculationrules.Trenchdigging,earthworkgradingtimerequiredtoconstructiondesignshallbecalculated,constructiondesignnoclearlydefi28、ned,puttheslopecoefficientbyafixedproportionoftheimplementationoftheprovisions.Constructionprojectswithconstructiondesigniscloselyrelatedtoprojectcost.Thebasicconstructiondesignincludes:projectoverviewandanalysisofconstructionconditions,constructionprograms,constructiontechnology,constructionschedul29、e,constructiongenerallayout.Thereareeconomicanalysisandconstructionpreparationworkplan.Amongthem,theconstructionprogramandconstructionprocessismoreimportanttodetermine,forexample:thechoiceofconstructionmachinery,horizontaltransportmethodofchoice,movingthemainstructureoftheconstructionmethodsandconst30、ructionmethodsandconstructiontechnologyofchoice,etc.,areadirectimpactonprojectbudgetpricechanges.Inensuringthequalityandmeettheownersrequirementsandschedulerequirementsofthepremise,optimizetheconstructionprogramandconstructionprocessistocontrolthecostofinvestmentprojectsandreducetheimportanceofmeasu31、resandmeans.Constructiondesignisnotonlyanimportantguidingdocumentproductionandmanagementactivities,preparationofconstructionplansisanimportantbasisforthebudget.Therefore,theconstructionunitleadersbeforethestartoftheunitprojecttotissueengineering,materialsandequipment,industrialscale,economicplanning32、,projectcostandotherpersonneltoseriouslyfamiliarwiththedrawings,in-depthon-sitefieldsurveyofthetechnicalandeconomicorganizationalmeasures.Projectcostinthepreparationofconstructiondesignisdirectlyrelatedtotheeconomicinterestsofenterprises,because,intheprojectcostmanagementandimplementationoftheprovis33、ionsofthebudgetscale,thecostofpersonnelstaffplaystheroleofbusinessmanagerincharge;inthebiddingandconstructioncontract,thecostcommissionedbytheenterpriselegalpersoncanbeusedasthelegalrepresentativeoftheagent,theexerciseofpowersconferredbyenterpriselegalperson;intheconstructionandbudgetwork,supervisio34、nplaysaroleintheeconomy.Therefore,thefullcostofin-housestaffnotonlyunderstandstechnology,understandthepolicy,butalsounderstandstheroleoflegalexpertiseandispreparedwellconstructiondesignandimproveanimportantaspectofeconomicefficiencyofenterprises,butalsoworkstoovercomeandavoidaneconomicdisputesettlem35、entreasonableandeffectiveway.Finally,theconstructionorganizationofthisdocumentisveryimportant,itisthetechnicalandeconomicdocuments.Constructionoftheproject,besuretosupervisetheconstructionandcontroloforganizationaldesigntoensuretheprojectsconstructionorder,topreventtheconstructiondesignamereformalit36、y.Engineeringconstructiondesignisthequality,safety,effectivemeasurestoguaranteeprogress.淺談項目管理中施工組織設計重要性摘要:施工組織是項目建設和指導工程施工的重要技術經濟文件。能調節施工中人員、機器、原料、環境、工藝、設備、土建、安裝、管理、生產等矛盾,要對施工組織設計進行監督和控制,才能科學合理的保證工程項目高質量、低成本、少耗能的完成。關鍵字:項目管理;施工組織;設計;重要性施工組織設計是項目建設和指導工程施工的重要文件,是建筑施工企業單位能以高質量、高速度、低成本、少消耗完成工程項目建筑的有力保證措37、施,也是加強管理、提高經濟效益的重要手段,也是很正確處理施工中人員、機器、原料、方法、環境及工藝與設備,土建與安裝協作,消耗與供應,管理與生產等各種各樣的矛盾,科學合理地、計劃而有序地、均衡地組織項目施工生產的重要保障。隨著社會主義市場經濟的建立,建筑市場的競爭日趨激烈,客觀形勢對施工企業的要求越來越高,不僅在技術裝備、人員素質、施工組織者方面提出較高的要求,而且工程經濟管理工作中有關工程預結算也面臨新的挑戰。嚴謹建筑市場形勢下,有些施工企業沒有積極采取應對措施,對員工的專業技術沒有更新、培訓,科學技術管理水平相當落后,加上對編制審核施工組織設計沒有引起足夠的重視,因此就會出現以下幾種常見的情38、況:(1)開工前沒有編制審核施工組織設計:不搞施工平面布置圖,材料亂堆亂放,土方運出運進,機械設備、勞動力需求無計劃,工程質量、安全施工無保證措施,造成窩工浪費現象嚴重,管理水平較低。(2)是否是專業人員編制施工組織設計:為應付上級部門及監理單位、甲方檢查而給施工員或資料員代編施工組織設計,因為資料根本對現在的施工管理不了解而又是領導最近安排的,不得不胡亂編造,應付了事。(3)施工組織設計編制水平低:有的施工單位,不明白施工組織在施工過程中的重要性,寫一寫各分項施工工藝、畫張平面布置圖、工程進度計劃表,便認為是施工組織設計了。(4)要技術棄經濟:相當多的施工企業單位在編制施工組織設計時,只重視39、施工組織當中的各分項工程的技術措施,沒有考慮分項工程經濟指標方面內容,導致工程竣工結算時糾紛不斷,蒙受經濟損失。例1南寧市某小區某宿舍樓要對生活用水進行一戶一表改造工程,但由于宿舍樓是八十年代建成的,已經有二十幾年了,業主擅自在樓與樓之間的自家雜物用房擠占了公用正常的通道,導致兩樓之間通道過于狹窄,通車困難,所以造成了施工材料需要人力搬運到施工地點,施工單位則以材料未進入場地而要求增加材料的二次搬運費,甲方不予簽認,造成了經濟損失。如果施工單位在開工前進行現場勘測,認真編制審核施工組織設計并在工程承包合同中附注加以說明,則可減少不必要的麻煩。例2某住宅樓工程的基坑開挖,施工現場并不寬敞,施工單40、位施工時有施工組織設計,但是無土方調查方案,沒有開挖的放坡系數,也未進行施工前土方堆積計算,原本上勾機在坑上開挖就可以了,就因為施工組織設計中沒有對地下調查,導致挖破了附近居民樓的給水管,致使成本增加,對放坡要示也沒有明確要求,結果造成了機械臺班增加,土方拉走多了,回填時又要拉回回填,造成施工企業在經濟上白白受到經濟損失。例3某商品住宅樓施工企業在建過程中,開工時編制施工組織很簡單,連模板分項工程計算書都沒有,在施工中的安裝地下室模板時模板安裝高度為5m,梁最大為6001200,板厚為250,在搭設時由工人根據經驗自己搭設,結果監理驗收時無法驗收,又重驗算,結果立桿沒有滿足模板支撐強度要求,進41、行全面返工。返工造成的經濟損失可想而知。比如現在較多的是討論鋼筋接頭形勢,投標清單沒有說采用套筒還是焊接,那你在施工組織里說用焊接,那么施工用套筒就可以商量簽證了;土方及臨時設施在施組里只要超過定額規則計算部分設下伏筆是可以索賠的。問題是現在這份文件被孤立了,施工不用、造價不用,因為它沒有針對性。以上三個例子充分表明,施工組織設計在施工全過程乃至工程預結算中占有重要地位,組織設計不僅僅是組織施工、指導生產的作用,在客觀上已成為經濟管理工作中不可忽視的非常重要的組成部分。施工組織設計是建筑施工企業全面安排某項建筑產品的施工技術經濟文件。按其編制內容的深淺，又可分為施工組織設計、施工組織方案設計、42、施工組織設計綱要等。意義：以此來對整個工程實施過程中進行宏觀控制。一分完備施工組織設計應包括：工程概況、施工方法、質量保證措施、人力、機具計劃及其保證措施、施工網絡圖、橫道圖、安全措施、資源配置明細、節能措施、工期保證措施等。在工程建設項目實施的各環節中,工程建設項目的價格確定一般經過施工圖預算的編制,施工承包合同價款的確定,工程結算價和工程決算價的確定等過程。其中施工組織設計是影響工程造價的主要因素,因此,工程造價的管理,必須把施工組織設計作為重要環節抓緊抓好,在這方面應處理好以下兩個方面的關系。建筑工程預算定額是反映建筑工程實際施工過程每個分部分項工程每一構件的勞動力、材料、機械臺班的消耗43、標準。它是確定和控制建筑安裝工程造價的基礎;是對設計方案進行技術經濟比較、技術經濟分析的依據;是施工單位進行經濟活動分析的依據;是編制標底、投標報價的基礎;是編制概算定額和概算指標的基礎;也是施工圖預算、工程承包合同、工程預算和工程決算價格計算的重要依據,而預算定額是在正常的施工條件下,以目前多數施工單位機械裝備程度、合理的施工工期、施工工藝、勞動力組織為基礎編制的每一分部分項工程的消耗量。但項目施工中有許多特殊的情況,即分部分項工程的施工方法不一定與預算定額規定的一模一樣,正如目前在預算定額中規定“依據施工組織設計確定”等內容。例如廣西壯族自治區建筑工程消耗量定額中,關于人工土石方工程量計算44、規則規定。挖溝槽、土方需放坡時,以施工組織設計規定計算,施工組織設計無明確規定時,放坡系數按定額規定比例執行。工程建設項目的施工組織設計與其工程造價有著密切的關系。施工組織設計基本的內容有:工程概況和施工條件的分析、施工方案、施工工藝、施工進度計劃、施工總平面圖。還有經濟分析和施工準備工作計劃。其中,施工方案及施工工藝的確定更為重要,如:施工機械的選擇、水平運輸方法的選擇、土方的施工方法及主體結構的施工方法和施工工藝的選擇等等,均直接影響著工程預算價格的變化。在保證工程質量和滿足業主使用要求及工期要求的前提下,優化施工方案及施工工藝是控制投資和降低工程項目造價的重要措施和手段。施工組織設計不僅是指導生產經營活動的重要文件,也是編制施工圖預算的重要依據。因此,施工單位領導在單位工程開工前要組織工程技術、材料設備、勞資定額、經濟計劃、工程造價等人員認真熟讀圖紙、深入現場進行實地勘察,