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1、presented byJason Ren 任智劼Ronald Lu&Partners公交導向 綜合體十策10STRATEGIESTRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT總監香港呂元祥建筑師事務所公交導向 綜合體 十策TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT|10STRATEGIES“城市化”在發展中國家而言有著不可逆轉的趨勢Urbanization is Irreversible for Developing Countries Urbanization ForecastPopulation living in urban areas,%of total 102、0%80706050402001950 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2000 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45FORECASTYearIn 2011,over half of China population living in Urban AreaThe China Scenarios7050Source:CEIC;UN Population Division;The EconomistHong KongWestern EuropeChinaSouth-East AsiaIndiaBrazilUSin China20%population=2693、 million will move to cities or be urbanizedby 2038(20 years from now)未來20年 20%的中國人口（2.69億）將會移居到城市30s40s50sEvolution of City infrastructure in LA1918 city of LA1918 plan to extend2012 city of LAforecast expansionemergingTHE LOS ANGELES MODEL HORIZONTAL EXPANSION美國洛杉磯模式 小汽車主導的城市平面擴張source:城市規劃:美國(洛杉磯4、)模式urban planning:the L.A.modeLos Angeles中國的城市不應以車輛為其運輸系統中樞automobile as transportation backbone shouldnt be a solution for Chinese citessource:BeijingCITIES 1 MIL.IN POPULATION人口一百萬以上的城市source:http:/ DENSITY VS.ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON TRANSPORTATION城市密度與交通能耗之關系相比住在洛杉磯的人，香港人一般可以多享受3小時的余暇汽車優先的城市LA公交優先的5、城市HKCAR VS.TRANSIT ORIENTED CITIES小汽車導向的城市 vs.公交優先城市TOD 是中國城市可持續發展的最佳出路TOD Mode:the most Sustainable Solutionfor cities in China1個站；30公頃；155萬平米；1個大商場；5所學校；公用配套；公交站；24,000個家庭人口：6萬LOHAS Park,Hong Kong1 station;30 hectares site;1,500,000s.m.in floor areaa shopping mall;5 schools;other GICs;1 PTI；24,0006、 householdsAccommodate 60,000p香港“日出康城”20%population=269 million peopleapprox.653 cities in China=each city absorbs 405,000 people=6.75“LOHAS Park”in Hong Kong中國有653個城市 每城市只需6.75個香港的“日出康城”就可解決2.69億的人口TOD SiteGreenfield SiteCAN WE TREAT TODS AS ANY OTHER PROJECTS可不可以用一般方法去處理 TOD 項目?公交導向 綜合體 十策TRANSIT 7、ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT|10 STRATEGIES原則一:創造充滿活力的生活空間Principle One:Create a vibrant hub創造以人為本的空間，而不僅是乘客聚散的公交站Create a place for people,not a mere transit point for passage創造一個有個性和活力的場所，刺激社會交往和經濟互動Develop a place with character and vitality that stimulates social and economic interactions原則一:創造充滿活力的生活空間P8、rinciple One:Create a vibrant hub我們設想的 HDTOD 是一個充滿活力的生活空間。這樣的空間是市民的家園，也是休憩場所。精心設計的公共空間因人群活動而喧鬧，令社區更健康、更歡樂，更人性化。HDTOD should be a vibrant hub at which it is naturally a place for gathering.中國 廣州 天環Parc Central,Guangzhou,China原則一:創造充滿活力的生活空間Principle One:Create a vibrant hub上海 天薈TODTOWN,Shanghai原則二:建立9、新型社區中心Principle Two:Establish a new neighborhood rendezvous提供有吸引力的場所，讓公眾聚會和交往，從而建立一種新型的多層多功能的社區之“核Establish a new,multi-layered and flexible nucleus for the community by offering spaces with attractions for the public to gather and meet提供多用途的公共設施，供周邊鄰里使用，讓他們充份融入社區日常生活Provide multi-functional public 10、facilities for the neighborhood and become an integral part of their everyday life將項目定位為社區的新形象和地標Position it as a new identity and landmark for the community華南城市 HDTOD 規劃研究項目HDTODs for a City in Southern China原則二:建立新型社區中心Principle Two:Establish a new neighborhood rendezvous廣場 Plaza原則二:建立新型社區中心Princi11、ple Two:Establish a new neighborhood rendezvous原則三:提供混合用途功能Principle Three:Serve a mixed-use Function neighborhood集結不同的活動，從而減少出行和增添便利Concentrate activities to reduce commuting needs andincrease convenience造就一個全天候生活的社區Facilitate the evolvement of a 24-hour lifestyle community鼓勵大眾使用公交，減少碳排放Reduce carb12、on emission through public transportation integration創造鄰近就業機會Create local job opportunities汽車導向城市vehicle-oriented city洛杉機Los Angeles駕車 4.5 小時4.5 hrs Drive余暇 1.5 小時1.5 hrs Leisure Time余暇 4 小時4 hrs Leisure Time乘搭鐵路 2 小時2 hrs by MTR香港Hong Kong公交導向城市transit-oriented city原則三:提供混合用途功能Principle Three:Serve13、 a mixed-use Function neighborhoodHDTOD 集生活、工作、學習、購物、餐飲娛樂于一體。避免城市主要日常活動的離心化而導致的長途通勤、交通擁擠、以及生活質量降低等問題。If a city is like a well-oiled machine,then a variety of transportation modes allows the machine to spread its tentacles well beyond its core.Yet decentralisationof essential daily activities has led14、 to long commutes,traffic woes and questionable quality of life.原則三:提供混合用途功能Principle Three:Serve a mixed-use Function neighborhood珠海 環宇城Unipark,Zhuhai原則四:旨在適當強度的開發Principle Four:Aim for an appropriate densification包含多種用途的 HDTOD 應有相對的高強度Demand a higher than normal overall density forHDTODs to accomm15、odate their multiple usage用增加的容積率換取 HDTOD 內更多的綠化帶Consider a higher plot ratio to trade for more green space at HDTODs原則四:旨在適當強度的開發Principle Four:Aim for an appropriate densification美國 紐約市 曼哈頓 Manhattan,New York,the United States of America原則四:旨在適當強度的開發Principle Four:Aim for an appropriate densificat16、ion香港 荃灣西站車站上蓋混合用途發展項目Topside Comprehensive Development at MTR Tsuen Wan Station,Hong Kong原則五:構建立體的空間系統Principle Five:Develop a three-dimensional network建立多層次的空間，聯系各種公共交通方式和社區鄰里Provide multi-level connections to public transportationand neighbourhood communities創造便于交往的多層公共空間而不是僅供通行的走廊Create multi-le17、vel urban spaces for interactions ratherthan a transit corridor創造富有活力的三維都市景觀Enable a vibrant three-dimensional cityscape原則五:構建立體的空間系統Principle Five:Develop a three-dimensional network上海 莘莊站 TODTOWN天薈Topside Comprehensive Development at Xinzhuang Station,Shanghai原則五:構建立體的空間系統Principle Five:Develop a 18、three-dimensional network香港 港鐵大圍站上蓋綜合發展項目Topside Comprehensive Development at MTR Tai Wai Station,Hong Kong外部循環路徑 External Circulation Route內部循環路徑Internal Circulation Route原則六:造就無縫銜接的都市空間Principle Six:Achieve a seamless integration讓周邊鄰里透過參與 HDTOD內的各種公共活動而集聚起來Enable the surrounding neighbourhood to c19、onnectwith events and activities in HDTODs使 HDTOD 成為所在地區的都市生活核心Make HDTODs the nerve centre of the neighbourhood自行車路徑長度小于 3,200 米行人路徑長度小于 800 米原則六:造就無縫銜接的都市空間Principle Six:Achieve a seamless integration華南城市 HDTOD 規劃研究項目HDTODs for a City in Southern China原則六:造就無縫銜接的都市空間Principle Six:Achieve a seamles20、s integration工程前建成后上海 天薈TODTOWN,Shanghai原則六:造就無縫銜接的都市空間Principle Six:Achieve a seamless integration香港 瓏門Century Gateway,Hong Kong臺風“山竹”過后的大圍站香港 港鐵大圍站TAI WAI STATION,HONG KONG原則六:造就無縫銜接的都市空間Principle Six:Achieve a seamless integration用最高效、最安全的方式無縫銜接的都市空間。To connect urban spaces with the most efficien21、t,and the safest ways.原則七:成為多種交通模式的轉換中心Principle Seven:Act as an intermodal transportation interchange規劃多種形式的步行動線，使換乘樞紐在多個層面上與不同的交通方式銜接Plan for a versatile pedestrian flow to allow multi-level integration from the interchange to various transport nodes提供從高速的跨地區交通線到多種慢速交通公交模式，以及穿行于社區的舒適步行環境Provide fo22、r the transition from higher speed cross-district transport to lower speed transportation modes and pedestrian-friendly environments to extend across the neighborhood原則七:成為多種交通模式的轉換中心Principle Seven:Act as an intermodal transportation interchange香港 港鐵大圍站上蓋綜合發展項目Topside Comprehensive Development at M23、TR Tai Wai Station,Hong Kong原則七:成為多種交通模式的轉換中心Principle Seven:Act as an intermodal transportation interchange中國 上海 天薈TODTOWN,Shanghai,China原則八:培育有利健康的生活環境Principle Eight:Nurture a salubrious living environment于軌道和道路上方重建一個地平面，回饋社區一個綠色空間Re-establish the ground level atop railways and roads,returning it24、 as green space to the community將景觀綠地作為公共商業區和私家住宅區之間的緩沖帶Turn the landscaped green space into a buffer between the public commercial zone and the private residential zone改善社區整體環境并倡導社區低碳生活方式Improve the overall environment and enable low carbon living for the community原則八:培育有利健康的生活環境Principle Eight:Nur25、ture a salubrious living environment香港 銀湖 天峰Lake Silver,Hong Kong原則八:培育有利健康的生活環境Principle Eight:Nurture a salubrious living environment香港 御龍山The Palazzo,Hong Kong原則九:優化步行路徑Principle Nine:Optimise pedestrianoriented paths盡量減少車道的伸延，增加步行走道Minimise the extent of roads and encourage externalpedestrian-de26、dicated paths減少汽車使用，增加公共交通的使用Reduce car usage;increase public transportation usage取消專用停車位并采用迭式停車系統，以減少停車庫面積Implement non-dedicated parking policy or stack-parking to reduce car park footprint設計多層車道和車輛出入口以增加流動性和可達性Design multi-level roads and vehicular access pointsto enhance mobility and accessibili27、ty原則九:優化步行路徑Principle Nine:Optimise pedestrian oriented paths中國 上海 天薈TODTOWN,Shanghai,China原則九:優化步行路徑Principle Nine:Optimise pedestrian oriented paths香港 瓏門Century Gateway,Hong Kong原則十:預先做好規劃Principle Ten:Prepare for future changes with advance planning提供結構和基礎設施系統的可能性，讓上部建筑可繼續發展Make advance structura28、l and utility provisions for futuretopside developments設計允許一定的彈性，包括荷載的冗余和備用管溝Allow flexibility for possible design or usage changes,such as spare loading and infrastructure trenches探索在設計中包含中央服務系統和能源中心的可行性，包括中央吸塵系統，區域/中央制冷或制熱中心，垃圾生物處理設施，或其他智能城市的服務系統Explore possibility of centralizing services,e.g.ene29、rgy plantsfor central vacuum;district/central cooling or heating;bio-diesel plants;or other smart city provisions原則十:預先做好規劃Principle Ten:Prepare for future changes with advance planning香港 日出康城LOHAS Park,Hong Kong原則十:預先做好規劃Principle Ten:Prepare for future changes with advance planning香港 日出康城LOHAS Par30、k,Hong Kong原則十:預先做好規劃Principle Ten:Prepare for future changes with advance planning香港 大圍站Tai Wai Station,Hong KongCase Study 案例Minhang,Shanghai上海閔行TODTOWN天薈LOCATION 區位莘莊站莘莊站SITE新的城市副中心上海的西南門戶核心交通節點。Thenewsub-centreshanghai,The southern west gate of Shanghai cityThe key node of urban transportations上31、海莘莊 充滿活力的生活空間 建立新型社區中心 提供混合用途功能 適當強度的開發 立體的空間系統 無縫銜接的都市空間 多種交通模式的轉換中心 有利健康的生活空間 優化步行路徑Create vibrate hubA new neighborhood rendezvousMixed-used functionAppropriate DensityThree-dimension networkA seamless integrationAn intermodal transportation interchangeNurture a salubrious living environmentOptim32、ize pedestrian oriented pathsL2L1CinemaEventSpaceCentral GardenConcourseIce RinkSouth PlazaNorth PlazaPTIPTIEvent SpaceRoof Garden超大型商場建筑面積:133,300 m建築高度:44 m 甲級商務辦公建筑面積:50,000m建築高度:144.9 mT18公寓式辦公建筑面積:38,400 m建築高度:144.9 mT16T17精品酒店+公寓式辦公公寓面積:7,600m酒店面積:20,000 m建筑高度:120 m公寓式辦公建筑面積:39,000 m建筑高度:144.933、 mT15文體中心建筑面積:7,000 m裙房公建配套(A部分)建筑面積:19,700 m公建配套(B部份)總計:405,000 平方米住宅商務辦公商場公寓式辦公酒店公建T1-T3高層住宅建筑面積:56,557 m建筑高度:100 m中座住宅建筑面積:21,447 m建筑高度:45 mT5 T7低座住宅建筑面積:11,676 m建筑高度:24 mT8-T14北廣場商場:沿南北路店面2007-08可行性研究/大平臺技術方案2010土地招標2009總劃/土地出讓文件制訂2014獲得整體方案批文/一、二期擴初/施工許可證2011-13分期立項/修建性詳規/專家論證2015獲得一期地上施工許可證20134、617一期平頂/二期施工2022預計整個項目完工TIME LINE 時間節點TODTOWN天薈SITE ANALYSIS地盤分析研究項目技術可行性:交通評估從杭州從杭州從虹橋機場從虹橋機場滬滬杭杭高高速速公公路路從上誨市中心從上誨市中心從莘奉金從莘奉金從莘從莘莊莊老城老城南北路連接南北路連接2007-08可行性研究/大平臺技術方案2010土地招標2009總劃/土地出讓文件制訂2014獲得整體方案批文一、二期擴初/施工許可證2011-13分期立項/修建性詳規/專家論證2015獲得一期地上施工許可證201617一期平頂/二期施工2022預計整個項目完工研究項目技術可行性:結構評估2007-08可行35、性研究/大平臺技術方案2010土地招標2009總劃/土地出讓文件制訂2014獲得整體方案批文一、二期擴初/施工許可證2011-13分期立項/修建性詳規/專家論證2015獲得一期地上施工許可證201617一期平頂/二期施工2022預計整個項目完工LEGEND/TEXTLEGEND/TEXTLEGEND/TEXT北廣場-改造現有建筑一期住宅入口一期穿梭大堂一期建筑平頂DESIGN CONCEPT設計概念2007-08可行性研究/大平臺技術方案2010土地招標2009總劃/土地出讓文件制訂2014獲得整體方案批文一、二期擴初/施工許可證2011-13分期立項/修建性詳規/專家論證2015獲得一期地上36、施工許可證201617一期平頂/二期施工2022預計整個項目完工LEGEND/TEXT20222007DESIGN CONCEPT設計概念中國首個在不影響現有軌道交通正常運營前提下進行的軌道上蓋TOD項目開創了國內項目“空間出讓”的先河2 0 0 7-Case Study 案例Changpin,Beijing北京昌平FUTURE SCI-CITY未來科學城MASTER LAYOUT PLAN 總圖北京未來科學城北區Central Core of Future Sci-CityThe node of transportations interchange科學城的中心交通轉換節點。CONCLUSI37、ON總結成功的TOD需要大量的協調、鐵路設計的配合Successful TODs Require MuchAdvance Planning如我們是“以人為本，當設計未來的鐵路系統時我們應以“上蓋發展”為重點we probably want to spend only 5%of our time on daily transits/95%at home,play or works;as such,why dont we make“Topside Developments”as the“Priority”in planning Urban Transits The Best TODs=“Transit”not visible最好的 公交導向 綜合體 看不到“公交”的建筑