1、岸墻land wall 壩頂dam crest,dam top 壩踵dam heel壩趾dam toe 板樁sheet pile 邊墩side pier,land pier變形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip畢肖普法Bishop method冰壓力ice pressure 剝離desquamation側槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway 沉降settlement齒墻cut-off trench 沖沙閘(排沙閘)silt-releasing Sluice純拱法independent arch method 刺墻key-wall大頭壩massiv
2、e-head buttress dam *buttress是扶壁的意思 單寬流量discharge per unit width單曲拱壩single-curvature arch dam擋潮閘tidal sluice 導流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒懸度Overhang degree 底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action 墊座cushion abutment動水壓力hydrodynamic pressure斷層fault堆石壩rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam met
3、hod閥門valve gate防浪墻wave wall防滲鋪蓋impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪閘flood diversion sluice副壩auxiliary dam剛體極限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block拱壩arch dam 拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method 工作橋service bridge固結灌漿consolidation grouting 灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌漿帷幕grout curtain
4、管涌piping 海漫apron extension橫縫transverse joint 虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶閥butterfly valve 護坡slope protection 護坦apron弧形閘門radial gate 滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化學管涌chemical piping 混凝土防滲墻concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石壩concrete faced rock-fill dam基本斷面primary section 簡化畢肖普法simplified Bishop method漿砌石拱壩stone mason
5、ry arch dam 交通橋traffic bridge接觸沖刷contact scouring 接觸灌漿contact grouting漿砌石重力壩stone masonry gravity dam 接縫灌漿joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench節 制閘check sluice 進水口water inlet進水閘inlet sluice 井式溢洪道shaft spillway靜水壓力hydrostatic pressure均質壩homogeneous earth dam抗滑穩定分析analysis of stability against sliding抗滑穩定性s
6、tability against sliding空腹重力壩hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蝕cavitation erosion空注閥hollow jet valve寬縫重力壩slotted gravity dam寬尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪壓力wave force理論計算theoretical computation攔河閘river sluice 瀝青混凝土asphalt concrete連拱壩multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流網法flow net method錨桿anchor rod 面板face slab面流消能
7、energy dissipation by surface flow模型試驗model experiment泥沙壓力silt pressure碾壓混凝土壩Roller Compacted Concrete Dam牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水閘outlet sluice噴混凝土sprayed concrete平板壩flat slab buttress dam平面閘門plane gate破碎帶crushed zone鋪蓋blanket 砌石護坡stone pitching 人工材料面板壩artificial material faced
8、 dam人工材料心墻壩artificial material-core dam溶洞solution cavern軟基重力壩gravity dam on soft foundation軟弱夾層soft intercalated layer 實用斷面practical section試載法trial-load method 雙曲拱壩double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel,waterway tunne水力發電隧洞hydropower tunnel 水利樞紐hydro-complex水力學方法hydra
9、ulics method 水平施工縫horizontal joint水閘sluice彈性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜geomembrane土石壩earth-rock dam土質斜墻壩earth dam with inclined soil wall土質斜心墻壩earth dam with inclined soil core土質心墻壩earth dam with soil core 帷幕灌漿curtain grouting溫度荷載temperature load溫度控制temperature contr
10、ol 溫度應力temperature stress溫度作用temperature action 無壓隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奧法NATM(New Austrian Tunneling Method)胸墻breast wall 揚壓力uplift溢洪道spillway水墊塘plunge pool溢流壩overflow dam、 翼墻wing wall 應力分析str
11、ess analysis優化設計optimization design 有限單元法finite element method有壓隧洞pressure tunnel 閘墩pier閘門gate 閘門槽gate slot 正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整體式重力壩monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab 支墩壩buttress dam 重力壩gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment 周邊縫peripheral joint 駐波standing wave錐形閥cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight
12、縱縫longitudinal joint鍵槽key strench伸縮縫contraction joint施工縫construction joint反弧段flip bucket攔污柵trash rack漸變段transition泄槽chute發電進水口power intake通氣管air vent 檢修門bulkhead gate 事故門emergency gate工作門service gate 堰weir通氣管air vent 胸墻breast wall梁beam柱column 回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土
13、secondary concrete疊梁門stoplog 門機gantry crane 止水 waterstop 鋼筋reinforcement模板formwork圍堰cofferdam馬道bench;berm蝸殼volute 水輪機turbine 電站power house車間workshop 發電機generator 變電站transformer station副廠房auxiliary power house 安裝間erection bay 尾水閘門tail lock 尾水渠tailrace 引水渠approach channel前池fore bay 導墻lead wall 隔墻parti
14、tion wall 接觸灌漿contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete 帷幕灌漿curtain grouting擋墻retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船閘navigation lock 船閘充水和泄水系統 locking filling and emptying system船閘充水lock filling船閘前池upper pool船閘上下游水位差lock lift船閘閘首lock head 升船機ship elevator;ship lift 魚道fish canal旁通管by-pass 齒槽cut-off wall